한국 노인을 위한 Beck의 자살생각 도구의 신뢰도와 타당도
Psychometric Testing of the Beck-Korean Geriatric Scale for Suicide Ideation
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노년기의 자살 인구가 증가함에 따라 노인의 자살의도를 미리 파악하는 것은 건강한 노년기를 준비하기 위해 매우 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 Beck의 자살생각 도구를 한국 노인에게 적용하여 도구의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하고자 실시하였다. 본 연구는 지역사회에 거주하고 있는 65세 이상 노인 247명을 대상으로 하였다. 문항분석을 통해 남은 18개의 문항을 이용하여 2개의 요인이 추출되었다. 제1 요인인 [적극적인 자살생각]은 10개의 문항으로 요인부하량은 .54~.76의 범위이었다. 제2 요인인 [막연한 자살생각]은 8개 문항으로 요인부하량은 .61~.85의 범위이었다. 전체 18개 문항의 Cronbach’s α값은 .93이었고, 제1요인 .87, 제2요인 .89로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 검증된 한국형 Beck의 자살생각 도구는 우리나라 노인의 자살 관련 연구를 활성화 하는 데 도움이 되리라고 사료되며, 다양한 연구를 통해 노인의 자살생각을 미리 방지하는 방안이 도출될 수 있으리라 생각한다.
Abstract
Given the suicide rate among older adults is increasing, to identify the suicidal intention of older adults in advance is important to prepare for a healthy old age. Therefore, this study was conducted to verify the validity and reliability of Beck’s scale for suicidal ideation by applying it to older adults in Korea. The study subjects were 247 older adults aged 65 or older living in the community. A total of two factors were extracted using the remaining 18 items through item analysis. The first factor, “Active suicidal ideation,” consisted of 10 items, and the factor loading ranged from .54 to .76. The second factor, “Vague suicidal ideation,” consisted of eight items, and the factor loading ranged from .61 to .85. The Cronbach’s α value of the total 18 items was .93, with the first and second factors at .87 and .89, respectively. The Beck’s Korean geriatric scale for suicide ideation, which was verified through this study, will help to revitalize domestic research on suicide among older adults. Furthermore, various future studies will be able to develop measures to prevent suicide among older adults in advance.
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