아동기 초기 외상과 경계선 성격 성향의 관계에서 정서 반응성과 정서 조절 곤란의 다중매개효과
The Multiple Mediating Effects of Emotional Reactivity and Emotional Dysregulation in the Relationship between Childhood Trauma and Borderline Personality Features
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초록
본 연구는 경계선 성격장애에 대한 생물사회모형에 기초하여 아동기 초기 외상과 정서 반응성 그리고 정서 조절의 역할을 알아보고자 한다. 환경 스트레스로서 아동기에 경험한 초기 외상이 정서 반응성과 정서 조절 곤란을 경유하여 경계선 성격에 이르는 모형을 검증하고자 하였다. 361명의 사이버대학생을 대상으로 경계선 성격장애 척도(PAI-BOR), 아동기 외상 질문지(CTQ-SF), 한국판 Perth 정서 반응성 척도(K-PERS), 한국판 정서 조절 곤란 척도(K-DERS), 긍정 정서 조절곤란척도(DPERS)를 온라인으로 실시하였다. 그 결과, 초기 외상이 경계선 성격에 이르는 다중 병렬 매개 모형은 지지되었다. 초기 외상은 부정 정서 반응성을 높이고, 순차적으로 부정 정서 조절 곤란을 증가시켜 경계선 성격에 이를 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 초기 외상은 긍정 정서 반응성을 낮추고, 이어서 긍정 정서 조절 곤란을 높여 결과적으로 경계선 성격에 이르렀다. 즉, 초기 외상과 정서 조절 역기능의 사이에서 부정 정서 반응성은 취약성 요인인데 반해, 긍정 정서 반응성은 완충 자원의 역할을 하였다. 끝으로 이론적 경로가 갖는 임상적 시사점에 대해 논의하였으며, 본 연구의 한계와 향후 연구의 방향을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of early trauma, emotional reactivity (ER), and difficulties in emotional regulation (DER) within the framework of the biosocial developmental model of borderline personality disorder. A total of 361 cyber university students completed self-reported measures on borderline features, childhood trauma, positive and negative ER, as well as positive and negative DER. The results supported, a multiparallel mediated model in which early trauma contributes to the development of borderline personality. It was found that early trauma can lead to borderline personality by increasing negative ER and sequentially increasing negative DER. On the other hand, early trauma was associated with decreased positive ER, which, in turn, contributed to increased positive DER and the development of borderline personality. Between early trauma and DER, negative ER served as a risk factor, whereas positive ER served as a buffering resource in the relationship. Finally, the clinical implications were discussed, and the limitations of this study and the direction of future research were presented.
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