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아동기 외상 경험이 경계선 성격특성에 미치는 영향: 애착 불안정의 매개효과

The Mediating Effects of Attachment insecurity on the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Borderline Personality Traits

이우경|최은실
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2013.05|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제32권 제2호|pp. 413-430|DOI 10.15842/kjcp.2013.32.2.009

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참고문헌

키워드

아동기 외상회피형 애착유형불안형 애착유형경계선 성격특성Childhood traumaavoid attachmentanxious attachmentBorderline personality traits
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 아동기 외상과 경계선 성격특성과의 관계에서 회피형 애착유형과 불안형 애착유형으로 구분되는 애착 불안정 유형의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울에 있는 사이버대학교에 재학 중인 성인 여자 대학생 504명이었으며, 측정 도구로는 외상 사건 질문지(Trauma Antecedents Questionnaire: TAQ), 친밀 관계 경험 질문지(Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire-Revised: ECR-R), 경계선 성격특성 척도(Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline Features Scale: PAI-BOR)가 사용되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 주요 변인간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 아동기 외상은 경계선 성격, 회피형 애착유형, 불안형 애착유형과 유의한 정적 상관이 있었다. 둘째, 아동기 외상이 경계선 성격에 미치는 영향에서 애착유형의 매개효과를 분석한 결과, 회피형 애착유형의 부분매개효과가 나타났고, 불안형 애착유형 역시 부분매개효과가 나타났다. 이는 아동기 외상 사건이 경계선 성격에 직접적인 영향을 미치기도 하지만 회피형 애착유형과 불안형 애착유형을 통해 간접적으로도 영향을 미친다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구의 결과는 아동기 외상이 경계선 성격을 형성하는 데 부정적인 영향을 미치며, 아동기 외상이 주요 대상과의 불안형 또는 회피형 애착유형을 형성하는데 영향을 미치면서 경계선 성격특성에도 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 시사하고 있다. 위의 결과들을 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점, 후속 연구를 위한 시사점에 대하여 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effects of attachment insecurity on the relationship between childhood trauma and borderline personality traits. Subjects included 504 cyber university female students. The participants were asked to complete questionnaires, including the Trauma Antecedents Questionnaire (TAQ), Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire-Revised (ECR-R), and the Personality Assessment Inventory - Borderline Features Scale (PAI-BOR). Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling analysis were used for data analysis. The results were as follows: First, childhood trauma showed statistically significant positive correlation with both attachment insecurity and borderline personality traits. Second, results of structural equation modeling analyses supported the proposed mediation model. The results support a link between childhood trauma and borderline personality traits and support the hypothesis that ECR-Avoidance and ECR-Anxiety partially mediates this relationship. These results indicate that in addition to the direct effects of childhood trauma on borderline personality traits, there are also indirect effects that are mediated by attachment insecurity. Based on these results, the implications and limitations of the research were suggested.

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