코로나19 백신을 접종하지 않은 이들의 책임: 치료 비용의 부담을 중심으로
Personal Responsibility for COVID-19 Vaccination: Do the Unvaccinated Deserve Public Funding for Their COVID-19 Related Medical Costs?
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초록
최근 코로나19 백신을 접종하지 않은 이들의 치료를 공적 재원을 통해 보장하는 것은 문제의 소지가 있으며, 이에 대한 광범위한 논의가 필요하다는 주장이 제기되었다. 물론 이 주장은 실제 어떤 구체적 인 정책을 염두에 둔 상황에서 제기된 것은 아니나, 그 윤리적 정당성을 논하는 것이 정책적 그리고 이 론적으로 중요해 보인다. 본 논문은 개인에게 책임을 부여하는 것이 공정하다는 견해인 운평등주의의 관점에서 코로나19 백신 미접종자들에게 그들의 코로나19 관련 치료 비용에 대한 책임을 전가하는 정 책이 과연 정당한지를 논한다. 결론적으로 본 논문은 운평등주의자들조차 그 정책을 정당하지 않다고 충분히 평가할 수 있다는 점을 밝힌다. 물론 여러 다른 도덕 이론과 평등주의 사조 또한 그러한 정책을 지지하거나 배척할 수 있지만, 개인의 선택에 대한 책임을 그 개인에게 부여하는 것을 정당하다고 보는 운평등주의의 관점에서조차 그 정책의 정당성을 찾아보기 힘들다면, 이는 그 정책의 정당성을 판단하는 데에 상당히 중요한 윤리적 함의를 가질 것이다. 본 논문은 코로나19 백신 미접종자들에게 치료 비용에 대한 책임을 부여하려는 정책의 정당성을 단순히 판단하는 것에서 나아가, 운평등주의에 대한 여러 이 론적 오해들을 불식시킬 것이다.
Abstract
The head of South Korea’s COVID-19 policy committee has argued that it is unfair that individuals who choose not to be vaccinated against COVID-19 receive public funding for medical treatment related to COVID-19. Although these remarks were not connected to any change in the country’s COVID-19 policies, it is important, for both theoretical and practical reasons, to address the justifiability of a policy that would make unvaccinated individuals pay for their own COVID-19-related medical treatment. This article argues that it would be difficult to justify such a policy even from the standpoint of luck egalitarianism, which holds that it is fair for some to be worse off than others if the inequality in question is the result of choices those individuals made. Although it is often assumed that luck egalitarians would approve of policies that denied COVID-19-related medical treatment to individuals who choose not to vaccinate, this article shows that this assumption is not necessarily right. Additionally, this article also clarifies common misunderstandings of luck egalitarianism at the theoretical level.
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