지방행정체계상에서 본 울릉도･독도 지위의 역사적 변화

Abstract

If Dokdo is a Korean territory and is a subordinate island to Ulleungdo, this is written from the perspective that we need to discuss what historical status Dokdo and Ulleungdo have had from ancient times in the local administrative system. From 512 when Usanguk surrendered to Shilla, to the early of the 11th century when was the reign of King Hyeonjong in Goryeo, Usanguk belonged to Shilla and Goryeo, it did not belong to the local administrative unit, but it was a country which had an originality. Usanguk collapsed after the invasion of the Jurchen, after that, it was the object of Goryeo's management and the people movement to the other area. So, it has the name of Ulleungdo, Mureungdo which included in the local administrative system. However, it was from Usan-mureung-deungcheo-Anmusa dispatched in King Taejong that Dokdo belonged to the local administrative system. At the result, 「Sejongsillokjiriji had Ulleungdo and Usando(Dokdo) as a subordinate island of Uljin Prefecture, Samcheokdohobu, Gangwondo. Ulleungdo and Dokdo were subordinate islands under the direction of Kangwon governor, it did not set up Eup after all. They were not a county and prefecture unit because they were under the Swaehwan management or Sunsim policy. After establishing the system of territory defence in the middle of the 17th century, the reign of King Sukjong, Ulleungdo was protected the territory every three years by Samcheokcheomsawa and Wolsongmanho. Matters concerned affairs transferred the central government to Kangwondo. However, the governor of territory defence in Ulleungdo has not discovered the trace of searching in Dokdo until now. Even though Ulleungdo reclaimed in 1883, it was not a county and prefecture unit because Ulleungdo belonged to Uljin-hyeon, or Pyeonghae-gun. Korea issued Imperial Decree No. 41 of Oct. 15, 1900, which Ulleungdo elevated to Uldo county and was one of 27 independent counties and prefectures in Kangwondo. Seokdo or Dokdo was under the jurisdiction of Ulleungdo, Dokdo settled as a subordinated island of Ulleungdo. On the other hand, in case of Japan, Dokdo belonged to Shimane Prefecture by Shimane Prefectureal Notice in 1905. It takes notice that the decisive power on the establishment of county and prefecture and the transfer of the servants in county and prefecture was the affairs of a central government, not the competence of a local government.