서계 박세당의 행정개혁론 연구

Abstract

In the late Chosun, doubts and realizations over ruling Confucian principles intensified in the 17th century due to many factors. Among them were the destruction of land caused by two wars: one with the Japan and the other with Qing Dynasty, a weakening governance due to conflicts among aristocrats and an inequality among social classes. Because Confucianism did not offer new directions to improve the lives of the common people, 17th century revolutionists considered Confucianism as theoretically false and unable. Park also criticized confucianism in comparison to Taoism. The political ambition of Park was to revitalize Chosun dynasty based on the core principles of Confucianism. He labeled it as “keeping the legacy alive”. He intended to reform an ancient political system and create a new one. In order to achieve his goal, he put the improvement of common people’s lives as his foremost priority. He emphasized the importance of righteous ruling of the King and the responsibilities of public servants. Also, he insisted on pursuing practicality in foreign policies as well as reforming taxation, military system, and finances of the monarchy.