여성교도관들의 직무관련 탈진요인에 관한 연구
Exploring factors influencing on job related burnout among female correctional officers
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참고문헌
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초록
교도소가 다양한 심리적 스트레스와 탈진의 위험을 내포하고 있는 힘든 업무환경이라는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 탈진이 다양한 개인의 심리적, 신체적, 감정적 위기를 가져올 뿐만 아니라 업무관련 효율성이나 이직률 등과도 관련이 있다는 것은 잘 알려져 있기 때문에, 이에 관한 위험요인들을 파악하고 교도소업무환경의 개선이 매우 중요하다. 이에 비해 교도관들 특히 여성교도관들의 업무관련 탈진에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대한 연구는 매우 미진하다. 이에 따라 연구는 여성교도관들의 업무환경 및 개인요인들 중 여성교도관들의 탈진과 관련된 요인들을 검증하고자 하는 목적이 있다. 연구를 위해서 전국의 12개 교도소에서 총 172명의 여성교도관들을 대상으로 MBI 설문지와 선행연구를 통해 선별된 탈진관련 요인들을 측정하여 데이터를 수집하였다. 연구 분석의 결과, 여성교도관들의 탈진에 영향을 미치는 요인은 상관의 조직업무관련능력과 소통능력 및 리더쉽 스타일이라는 것을 발견하였다. 그 중에서도 상관과 중간관리자들의 조직의 업무운영 능력에 대한 인식이 가장 강력한 영향을 미치는 요인이어서 여성교도관들이 상관과 중간관리자들의 조직 운영 방식과 리더쉽스타일에 영향을 많이 받고 있다는 것으로 이해되었다. 그 외에도 여성교도관의 학력과 생활만족도가 이들의 업무관련 탈진에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 특히, 높은 학력은 여성교도관들의 탈진과 증가시키는 요인이었다. 결론과 논의에서 이 연구결과의 의의, 정책적 함의 그리고 후속연구에 대한 제안 등이 논의되었다.
Abstract
It is well known that prison job and its responsibility is one of the most though tasks among the criminal justice professionals. Such job characteristics entails exposure of greater level of risk for job-related burnout among correctional staffs, especially for female correctional officers. However, it does not still well known whether female correctional officers’ suffer from job burnout and if so, which factors are corrected with their job burnout. In order to fill out the research gap, this current study attempts to explore factors influencing on burnout among female correctional officers. This study conducted a set of multilevel of regression analyses using survey data drawn from a total of 172 female prison correctional staffs across nations. This study found that officers’ perception about supportive and effective managements of the organizational higher-ups, and communication-oriented work environment have negative relationship with job burnout, while higher level of educational level of female correctional officers has positive relationship with burnout for the female correctional officers. The contribution, limitations and suggestion for the future studies were discussed in the results and discussion.
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