교육적 인간상으로서의 군자(君子) 연구 – 주희의 ‘군자시중(君子時中)’ 이해를 중심으로

Abstract

The study investigated the Gunja (君子) as an image of educational person through Chu Hsi’s understanding of Gunja Sijung (君子時中, Gunja acts according to the course of the Mean) shown on the chapter two in 『中庸章句, phrases of Doctrine of the Mean』. In phrases of Gunja Sijung, Chu Hsi was seeking difference between Gunja and Soin (小人) from recognition about existence for ever of the Dao (道), not from whether one practices Síjung or not. Gunja knows that the Dao is always together with himself but Soin does not know it. So Gunja always considers the Dao so that he is cautious and apprehensive while Soin acts contrary to the course of the Mean. Recognition on Soin by Chu Hsi expands spectrum of concept of Gunja. That is, criterium for Gunja is secured in direction towards the Dao rather than whether virtue exists or not. Though virtue is deficient, if a man strives to reach the Dao, he is Gunja. It would be said that in learning of Gunja, learning of Gyeong (敬) is a main learning to encompass movements and silence (動靜) and to go through knowledge and behavior (知行).