북한 주민들의 경제관과 개혁.개방 의식 : 북한이탈주민 면접 조사를 통한 추론

Abstract

This article explores the north korean view of the economy and understanding on the economic reform and openness by depth interview on defecters in consideration of field works in north korea impossible. And this article examines a recognition and the attitude against the economic reform and openness of North Korea leadership on the official literature and policy of North Korea. According to the survey and the depths interview contents, the north korean view of the economy and understanding on the economic reform and openness differ from the North Korea authorities official assertion. The north korean prefer to individualism and material pragmatism on the hither side of collectivism and non-material values. But these findings vary with residential area, education, and vocation. For instance, those who dwell in P’yongyang and the north korea-china border area, and those whose educational background are high, and who are a trade worker, and a factory materials manager assert the necessity of economic reform and openness more strongly. It is problematic to argue the direct association of the change of view of the economy and understanding on the economic reform and openness in north korea with capitalist and Anti-socialist consciousness. The current north korean view of the economy and understanding on the economic reform and openness in north korea may be closer to the material pragmatism. It is expected that the extension of market economy in north korea promotes the level of capitalist consciousness continuously.