북한이탈주민의 비공식경제활동과 자본주의 지지도
Informal Economic Activities and Support for a Market Economy of North Korean Refugees
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초록
이 연구는 2014-2016년 동안 진행된 654명의 북한이탈주민 조사 자료를 이용하여북한에서의 비공식경제활동과 자본주의 지지도와의 관계를 분석하고 있다. 분석 결과북한에서의 비공식경제활동은 자본주의 지지도 전반에 영향을 미치는 동시에 그 세부항목, 즉 사유권, 경쟁, 성과급에 대한 지지도 모두에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 최소자승추정법뿐만 아니라 내생성을 고려한 구조방정식 모형에서도 동일하게 확인되었다. 이러한 발견은 북한의 비공식경제는 북한 주민의 가치관을 변화시키는요인이 될 수 있음을 시사한다
Abstract
Using the data from the surveys of 654 North Korean refugees conducted from 2014 to 2016, this study investigates the relationship between informal economic activities in North Korea and support for a market economy measured by three components, that is, private ownership, competition, and performance-based salary. The results from both ordinary least squares estimator and structural estimation model suggest that the experience of informal economic activities by the refugees while they were residing in North Korea facilitates support for a market economy. This finding indicates that the informal economy in North Korea can be regarded as a factor transforming North Koreans’ mind-sets.
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