중국 한자녀가정 대학생자녀의 효의식과 헬리콥터부모역할에 대한 지각
Filial Piety and Perceived Helicopter Parenting among College Student Children of One-Child Families in China
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본 연구는 중국의 한자녀가정 대학생자녀들을 대상으로 부모에 대한 효의식과 함께 자신의 부모가 행하는 헬리콥터부모역할에 대하여 어떻게 지각하는지 살펴보고, 효의식이 헬리콥터부모역할 지각에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 관련성을 분석함으로써 한자녀정책을 시행하는 중국의 부모-성인자녀 관계에 대한 탐색과 함께 성인기로 진입한 대학생자녀와 그들의 부모를 위한 상담･교육적 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 중국 대도시 소재 4년제 대학 10개교의 재학생 중 한자녀가정의 대학생자녀로서 조사시점 현재 미혼이면서 최소한 한명이상의 부모가 생존해있는 198명의 자료를 분석에 활용하였으며, 측정도구는 ‘효의식 척도(Filial Piety Scale)’와 ‘Helicopter Parenting Scale(HPS)’을 사용하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중국 한자녀가정 대학생자녀의 전반적 효의식은 대체로 높은 수준이었으며, 4가지 하위요인 중 도구적 효의식이 가장 높고, 다음으로 규범적 효의식, 표현적 효의식, 성인기 효의식의 순으로 나타났다. 그리고 이들의 헬리콥터부모역할 지각은 보통 수준으로 나타났다. 둘째, 중국 한자녀가정 대학생자녀의 효의식과 헬리콥터부모역할 지각이 인구사회학적 특징과 어떠한 관련성이 있는지 상관분석을 실시한 결과, 효의식은 성별, 연령, 가족의 소득수준 등 인구사회학적 특징과 유의미한 상관이 없었으며, 헬리콥터부모역할 지각은 인구학적 특징 중 유일하게 가족의 월평균 소득 수준과 유의미한 정적 상관을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 중국 한자녀가정 대학생자녀의 효의식이 헬리콥터부모역할 지각에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 인구사회학적 변인을 통제하고 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 헬리콥터부모역할 지각 변량의 22% 설명하였다. 이를 구체적으로 살펴보면, 소득수준이 높은 가정의 자녀일수록, 그리고 규범적 효의식은 강하나 성인기 효의식은약한 학생일수록 자신의 부모가 헬리콥터부모역할을 행한다고 지각하는 경향을 보였다.
Abstract
This study examines the effects of the college student children's filial piety to theirparents on perceived helicopter parenting among college student children of one-childfamilies in China. Data were collected from 198 college student children of one-childfamilies in ten four-year-course colleges located in the large cities of China. Themeasurement consisted of the ‘Filial Piety Scale' and the ‘Helicopter Parenting Scale'. The major findings of this study are as follows: First, the college students fromone-child families in China showed generally high levels of filial piety. The levels ofinstrumental filial piety were the highest among four factors of filial piety, followed bythe normative filial piety, expressive filial piety, and adulthood filial piety in order. Theyalso reported moderate levels of perceived helicopter parenting. Second, among thestudents' demographic characteristics, only family income was positively related to theirperceived helicopter parenting. Finally, the hierarchical multiple regression analysisrevealed that the students' perceived helicopter parenting was negatively related to thelevels of adulthood filial piety, while positively related to the levels of normative filialpiety.
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