시각적 기술 학습과 전이에 미치는 개인차의 효과
Individual Difference Effects on Perceptual Skill Learning and Transfer
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초록
본 연구에서는 순차적으로 자극이 제시되는 시각 구별 과제에서 개인차가 기술의 습득과 전이에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 여기서는 개인 차이를 세 가지 측면에서 측정하였는데 인지 양식의 차이, 작업 기억 용량의 수준, 그리고 의사 결정 방식의 차이를 가지고 개인 차이를 분류하였다. 시각 구별 과제에서는 크게 훈련 과정과 전이 과정으로 나누어 훈련 과정의 난이도가 전이 과정에서 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보았는데, 특히 훈련 난이도는 인지 양식과 그리고 작업 기억 용량과의 상호 작용을 통하여 전이 과제에서의 정확도에 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 시각 구별과 관련한 인터페이스를 디자인하는데 있어서 개인차를 고려하는 것이 필요함을 시사하였다.
Abstract
This research examined the effects of individual differences on visual discrimination skill learning and its transfer to novel stimuli. Individual participants were categorized as having an analytic or holistic cognitive style, high or low working memory capacity, and high or low levels of rationality, experientiality, and adaptive decision-making styles. Participants received easy or difficult training for the serially presented discrimination task, and then transferred to novel discriminations. Training content interacted with cognitive style and working memory capacity to affect transfer accuracy performance, but individual differences in decision-making styles did not affect transfer performance. Results suggest individual differences should be taken into account when designing an interface for visual discrimination.
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