<자본론>: 신고전학파 경제학 비판의 기반
Das Kapital Reinterpreted as a Basis for a Critique of Neoclassical Economics
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초록
이 글은 마르크스의 『자본론』이 신고전학파 경제학을 비판하는 근거를 제공한다는 것을 보이려고 노력했다. 우선 『자본론』이 지닌 특징들 중에서 범주나 개념에 대한 중시는 시장, 가격, 화폐, 자본, 이윤 등에 관해 가벼운 정의에 만족하는 신고전학파에 대한 비판의 근거이다. 또한 『자본론』에서처럼 신고전학파에서도 출발점이나 가정의 중요성을 보여주는 예로 반사성, 완전성, 비대칭성을 재해석했다. 나아가 신고전학파의 개념에 대한 변증법적인 해석의 예로 대체와 보완, 유사품 선택에서 소득제약의 안과 밖, 이기심과 이타심 등에서 A와 non-A의 공존을 보이려고 시도했다. 끝으로 전체성과 사회성이 인간에게 내재되어 있음을 주장했다.
Abstract
This paper purported to demonstrate that Das Kapital provides us with a basis for a critique of neoclassical economics (NC). For this purpose, it, first, argued that its emphasis on categories and concepts offers us a criterion by which to criticize NC’s shallow definitions as regards market, price, money, capital, profit. Second, it reinterpreted some of NC’s unexplained assumptions in order to highlight the relevance of realistic assumptions for NC. Third, in an effort to rejuvenate dialectical logic, it endeavored to show possible combinations of A and non-A within NC such as: substitutability and complementarity; contradictory roles of income constraint on choices; self-regarding and other-regarding behaviors. Finally, it made the point that individuals are embedded in the total and the social rather than the total and the social are superimposed on individuals.
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