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코로나-19 상황에서 대학생의 성격강점이 우울과 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향: 역경후 성장의 매개효과

The Influence of Character Strengths on Depression and Satisfaction with Life among Undergraduates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Effect of Posttraumatic Growth

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초록

이 연구의 목적은 코로나-19(COVID-19) 상황에서 대학생의 성격강점이 우울 및 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향을 확인하고 성격강점과 우울 및 삶의 만족도 간의 관계에서 역경후 성장의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 코로나-19 상황과 관련하여 스트레스를 경험하는 대학생 584명의 자료를 분석한 결과, 감사, 친절성, 신중성, 진실성, 시민의식이 상위 5개 대표강점으로 관찰되었다. 코로나-19 이전에 조사된 청년집단의 상위 5개 대표강점(사랑, 친절성, 낙관성, 감사, 진실성)과 비교해보았을 때, 신중성과 시민의식의 순위가 상승한 것으로 확인되었다. 우울을 가장 유의하게 설명하는 강점은 낙관성이었으며, 낙관성과 우울의 관계에서 역경후 성장의 부분매개효과가 검증되었다. 삶의 만족도를 가장 유의하게 설명하는 강점은 활력이었으며, 활력과 삶의 만족도의 관계에서 역경후 성장의 부분매개효과가 검증되었다. 코로나-19 상황에서 대학생의 낙관성과 활력은 우울 및 삶의 만족도에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라, 역경후 성장을 통해 심리적 건강에 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언 및 시사점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to empirically identify the influence of character strengths on depression and satisfaction with life among undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the mediating effect of posttraumatic growth on the relationship between character strengths and depression and satisfaction with life. Data of 584 undergraduates who reported perceived stress related to the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. In this study, gratitude, kindness, prudence, integrity, and citizenship were ranked as the top 5 strengths. Compared to the top 5 strengths (love, kindness, optimism, gratitude, and integrity) before the COVID-19 pandemic, the ranking of prudence and citizenship had risen. The strength that most significantly explained depression was optimism, and the relationship between optimism and depression was partially mediated by posttraumatic growth. The strength that most significantly explained satisfaction with life was vitality, and the relationship between vitality and satisfaction with life was partially mediated by posttraumatic growth. These findings suggested that optimism and vitality had a direct effect on depression and satisfaction with life, but also an indirect effect on them through posttraumatic growth. Finally, the study limitations and suggestions for further research were discussed.

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