노년기 적극적 참여활동이 우울에 미치는 영향: 정서변산성의 매개효과
Effects of Active Participation in Activities on Depression of the Elderly: Mediating Role of Affect Variability
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초록
본 연구는 노년기의 적극적 참여활동과 우울 간 관계를 확인하고 그 과정에서 개인의 정서조절역량을 반영하는 정서변산성이 매개효과를 갖는지를 검증하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 60대 이상의 노년기 참가자 150명을 대상으로 네 가지 유형의 참여활동, 즉 자기개발활동, 적극적 사교활동, 봉사활동 및 여가활동과 우울에 대한 설문을 실시하였다. 또한 일상재구성법을 통해 전날 하루 동안 경험한 사건들을 최대한 많이 떠올리게 한 후 각 사건에 대해 느낀 정서에 대한 보고를 토대로 질적변산성의 지표를 산출하였다. 분석 결과, 우선 노인의 참여활동은 모두 우울을 예측하였다. 그러나 참여활동 중 자기개발활동 및 적극적 사교활동과 우울 간의 관계에서만 정서변산성의 매개효과가 확인되었다. 본 연구 결과는 노년기의 참여활동 중 자기 향상을 위한 활동과 대인관계에서의 적극적 활동이 정서적 안정성을 높이고 결과적으로 우울 완화에도 영향을 미칠수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
The main purpose of the present study was to examine mediating effects of affect variability on relationship between active participation in activities and depression of the elderly. A sample of 150 senior citizens in their 60s participated in a survey that asked about four types of participation activities (self-development activity, active social interaction, volunteering activity, leisure activity) and their depression level. Participants also recalled as many events as possible through a daily reconstruction method and their emotional experience felt for each event (e.g., excited, confident, happy, anxious, angry, peaceful, stable, depressed, and bored). Based on collected emotional data, spin, the index of affect, was calculated. Results indicated that higher levels of all social participation types predicted lower levels of depression. In terms of mediating effects, associations of depression with average value of participation activities, self-development activity, and active social interaction were mediated by affect variability. However, affect variability did not mediate the relationship of volunteering and leisure activities with depression. Results of this study showed that activities for self-improvement and interpersonal relationship could increase emotional stability and consequently decrease depression in the elderly.
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