냉전기 동북아에서 한-대만관계의 변화과정과 특징 분석

Abstract

Following defeat in the 1st Sino-Japanese War, China went from being a state that constituted the regional order to being one that reflected and accepted it. Together with decline of China's position in Northeast Asia, Korea was eclipsed and like China was 'simutaneously peripheralized'. However, following the Second World War, China came to be the centre of both US and Soviet foreign policy in the region. The State Department was in frequent discussion with the Kuomintang of China(Chinese Nationalist Party Government) about arrangements for trusteeship in Korea. Soong Tse-ven repeatedly urged the United States to extend trusteeship over Korea and improve relations with Moscow. Kuomintang Government, in persuading a reluctant India to accept elections within South Korea alone, were crucial in making possible the establishment of the Republic of Korea. The Korean War forced a rethink in US strategy and led to a reconsideration of Taiwan's potential strategic value. Republic of China was critical of established US strategy in the region, asserting the need for the establishment of a regional order. Taiwan again proposed the establishment of an anti-Communist alliance in this region, but due to differences of opinion between Taiwan and South Korea over Japan's involvement, as well as a lack of interest on the part of the United States, this 'order' or 'alliance' was established only on a non-governmental level. As a result, it initially lacked real significance. Taiwan had lost all standing regarding issues related to Korea. Taiwan was trying to demand that South Korea jettison anti-Japanese sentiments for the sake of the creation of an effective anti-Communist alliance. With the rise of Park‘ regime, relations of Taiwan and South Korea were expected to heat up. Taiwan looked favorably upon the military government in South Korea, South Korea's official anti-communism was of especial interest to Taiwan. At the same time, due to economic problems, Seoul sought aid from Japan, and therefore planned to strengthen bilateral economic ties between South Korea and Japan. However, Taiwanese-South Korean relations strengthened by endeavoring for state-building through modernization and sharing the value of 'freedom' by anti-communism. And yet, as relations between the two countries deepened they became increasingly characterized by socio-cultural exchange, in addition to deepening economic exchanges.