비생성 거시금융 기간구조 모형을 이용한 한국의 이자율 기간프리미엄 분석
Term Premia in Affine Term Structure Models with Unspanned Macroeconomic Factors: the Case of Korea
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본 연구는 한국의 국고채 이자율 데이터를 이용하여 여러 가지 산출 및 인플레이션 변수 조합을 비생성 거시경제 요인으로 설정한 거시금융 기간구조 모형을 추정하고, 이들 모형으로부터 추출한 기간프리미엄을 모형 간 비교 분석하였다. 기간프리미엄 추정치를 만기별로 모형 간 비교한 결과, 1년 만기를 제외하고는 3년 이상의 중장기 기간프리미엄들은 거시경제 변수 포함 여부에 관계 없이 모형 간 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 기간프리미엄은 산출변수와의 관계에 있어 뚜렷한 상관관계를 보이지 않았으나, 인플레이션 변수들과는 매우 높은 양(+)의 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 인플레이션 불확실성이 기간프리미엄의 가장 중요한 결정요인이라는 선행연구와 부합한다. 또한 한국 데이터를 대상으로 Campbell-Shiller 장기이자율 회귀분석을 통하여 전통적인 기대가설을 검정한 결과, 미국의 사례와 마찬가지로 시변하는 기간프리미엄의 영향으로 기대가설이 기각되었다. 본 연구에서 고려한 비생성 기간구조 모형들은 이러한 기대가설 검정과 관련하여 데이터 적합성이 양호한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Using the yield data for Korean government bonds, I examine several discrete-time affine term structure models with unspanned macro factors, such as output and inflation, and compares term premia implied from alternative models with different combinations of output and inflation variables. Empirical analysis shows that, except for 1-year maturity ones, there is little difference among the medium- to long-term term premia across alternative models. The model-implied term premium estimates do not show a significant pro- or counter-cyclicality in relation to output variables, but show a highly positive correlation with inflation variables. In addition, I test the traditional expectation hypothesis by fitting Campbell-Shiller long-rate regressions to the Korean bond data, the expectation hypothesis is strongly rejected as in the case of the US, due to time-varying term premia, and an additional Monte Carlo simulation study indicates that the term structure models considered in this paper show a success in matching the regression coefficients estimated from the sample.
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