태권도 경기규칙 개정이 얼굴공격 빈도와 동반 가능한 잠재뇌진탕 발생 빈도에 미치는 영향
Effects on the Incidence of Head Blows and Possible Concussions Following Competition Rules Change in Taekwondo
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 태권도 겨루기 경기규칙 변화가 얼굴공격 빈도와 뇌진탕 발생 가능성에 미치는 영향에대하여 알아보는데 있다. 전향적 코호트 연구설계로 실시되었다. 총 43개 여자고등학교 팀이 본 대회(2011,1월 21-24일)에 참여하였고, 총 참여선수는 206명, 나이는 16-18세(±1)로 분포되어 있었다. 총 196 경기가 영상녹화 되었고 이후 모든 경기는 영상 얼굴공격분석-사례지를 이용하여 심층 분석되었다. 발생된 전체얼굴공격 빈도는 161건으로, 전체 참가자 중 101명의 선수에게 발생되었다. 이를 계산한 결과, 1000명의선수가 부상위험에 노출되었을 경우 약 411건의 얼굴공격이 발생되었다(411 head blows per 1000athlete-exposures). 잠재 뇌진탕 발생률은 1000명의 선수가 부상위험에 노출된 경우 약 202건이 발생되었다(202 concussions per 1000 athlete-exposures). 얼굴공격 및 잠재 뇌진탕 발생과 관련된 요소로 내려차기와 돌려차기 기술, 폐쇄상태의 겨루기 자세, 8강 경기, 3회전, 그리고 얼굴공격에 대한 상대선수의 방어기술 부족으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 태권도 경기규칙 개정 이후 얼굴공격 빈도와 잠재 뇌진탕 발생률이 매우높게 나타났다. 얼굴공격 빈도 및 뇌진탕 발생률 감소 및 예방을 위한 전략으로 선수들의 얼굴공격에 대한 방어기술 훈련이 권장되며, 향후 얼굴공격 관련 경기규칙 개정이 추가적으로 필요해 보인다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to measure the incidence of head blows and possible concussions in competition Taekwondo after competition rules change. In methods, a prospective cohort study design was used. A total of 206 female high school athletes (age range from 16-18±1) from 43 teams participated in the tournament (Jan 21-24, 2011). Overall 196 matches were recorded by camcorders and analyzed. In results, a total of 161 head blows (101 athletes) occurred during this tournament. The incidence rate was 411 head blows per 1000 athlete-exposures. Possible concussion rate was 202 concussions per 1000athlete-exposures. The head blows and concussions were frequently involved with axe and roundhouse kicks, closed sparring stance, quarter final match, third round, and absence of a blocking skill of head-blow-recipients. In conclusions, the incidence of head blows and possible concussions is dramatically increased following competition rules change on a head blow. Promoting blocking skill to prevent head blows could decrease concussions in competition Taekwondo. Also, competition rules change on a head blow should be considered.
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