펜싱 특이적 트레이닝이 엘리트 펜싱선수 체력에 미치는 영향
The effects of fencing specific training on physical fitness in elite fencers
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[목적] 본 연구는 펜싱 특이적 트레이닝이 엘리트 펜싱선수들의 체력에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 있었다. [방법] 총 48명의 남녀 펜싱 국가대표 후보 선수(남자 24명, 여자 24명)를 대상으로 3주간 트레이닝(동적스트레칭, 스텝 트레이닝, 민첩성 트레이닝)을 실시하였다. 남녀 그룹으로 나누어 트레이닝 적용 전․후 신체조성과 펜싱 경기력과 관련이 있는 체력요인(근력, 근파워, 민첩성, 무산소성파워, 유연성)을 측정하여 트레이닝의 효과를 검증하였다. [결과] 첫째, 트레이닝 적용 전․후 신체조성은 남자 그룹에 있어 근육량(p<.05)과 체지방률(p<.05)에 있어 유의한 향상이 있었다. 둘째, 민첩성 항목에 있어 발바꿔뛰기는 남녀 모두에게서 적용 전․후 유의한 향상을 보였으며(남, p<.001; 여, p<.001) 반응시간은 여자 그룹에 있어 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<.05). 셋째, 무산소성파워는 여자 그룹에서 윙게이트 최고파워(W)와 체중당 최고파워(kg/W)에서 유의한 향상이 있었다(최고파워, p<.01; 체중당 최고파워, p<.05). 넷째, 유연성은 여자 그룹에 있어 적용 전후 뒤쪽 발목의 관절각도에서 유의한 향상이 나타났다(p<.05). [결론] 본 연구의 결과는 펜싱 특이적 체력 훈련이 펜싱선수들의 경기력과 관련 있는 체력요인의 향상을 이끌어 낼 수 있다는 것을 시사하며, 특히 리듬에 따른 스텝 트레이닝의 적용은 펜싱 선수들의 경기력 향상에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 3 weeks of fencing specific training on physical fitness in elite fencers. [Methods] Forty eight elite fencers participated in this program (Male= 24, Female= 24). Training program consists of dynamic stretching, step and agility training, and it was conducted with the general fencing practice during 3 weeks. Body composition and physical fitness (muscle strength/power, agility, anaerobic power and flexibility) were measured before and after training. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Paired t-test (pre vs. post) was used for comparison between groups. [Results] Muscle mass and body fat(%) were significantly changed after training in male group. Agility was significantly improved in change-step jump and reaction time after training both in male and female group. In Anaerobic power, peak power (relative power, absolute power) was significantly increased after training in female group. Flexibility was also significantly improved after training in left ankle ROM of female group. [Conclusion] Application of fencing specific training program focused on fencing movement seems to be effective on agility in both groups, muscle mass and body fat(%) in male group, and anaerobic power and flexibility in female group.
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