단기간 체중감량이 아마추어 복싱 선수들의체성분 및 무산소성 운동능력에 미치는 영향
Effects on Electro-Chemical Screen and Anaerobic Exercise Capacity Caused by Short-Term Weight Loss in Amateur Boxing Players
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 아마추어 복싱 선수들을 대상으로 단기간 체중감량이 선수들의 체성분 및 무산소성 운동능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것으로써 10명의 대학 복싱선수들을 두 가지 형태의(5-7일 5kg 이상 감량 vs 2주간 3kg 이내 감량) 체중감량 방법에 참여시킨 후 체중감량 전후에 각각 체성분 및 무산소성 운동능력을 평가하였다. 무산소성 운동능력은 1회 최대로 들어 올릴 수 있는 벤치프레스와 스쿼트 무게를 측정하였으며, 자전거에르고미터를 이용한 윙게이트 테스트 통해 근파워와 파워지구력을 평가하였다. 체성분 분석을 위해서는 기상 후 공복 시 중간소변과 타액을 채취하여 비교분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 무산소성 운동능력은 1차 체중감량기에서는 스쿼트에 대한 최대근력(p=.003)과 윙게이트 테스트에 의한 최고파워(p=.023), 평균파워(p=.015) 모두 유의하게 감소한 결과를 보였으며, 2차 체중감량기에서는 전과 후 측정에서 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 체성분 분석 요인 중에서는 1차 체중감량기에는 단백질 이용도(p=.015) 에너지 생성력(p=.017), 전기전도율(p=.003), 비타민 이용도(p=.005)에서 유의한 차이를 보이며 감소한 결과를 보였으며, 2차 체중감량기에서는 전기전도율(p=.038)과 산화스트레스(p=.028)만 유의하게 증가한 결과를 나타냈다. 결론적으로 단기간 무리한 체중감량은 아마추어 복싱선수들의 체성분과 무산소성 운동능력에 부정적인 영향을 미치게 되며, 최적의 컨디셔닝을 발휘하기 위해서는 적정량의 체계적인 체중감량이 필요하다고 사료된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on Electro-chemical screen and anaerobic exercise capacity caused by short-term weight loss in amateur boxing players. Subjects of this study were 10 male university boxing player who conducted to weight loss methods. In 1st weight loss, boxing players took rapid weight loss during 5-7days, In 2nd weight loss, boxing players took weight loss 3kg during 2 weeks. The change of ECS and anaerobic exercise capacity were measured before and after weight loss period. Anaerobic exercise capacity was measured by 1RM of bench press and squat. In addition, using the wing-gate test muscle power and power endurance was evaluated. To find out the changes in ECS, urine and saliva was collected after waking up were analyzed. The results were as follow. First, 1RM of squat(p=.003), peak power(p=.023) and mean power(p=.015) showed significant decrease after 1st weight loss method. However in 2nd weight loss method, no factor of ECS and anaerobic exercise capacity were significantly decreased. Second, total urea(p=.015), urine rH2(p=.017), urine conductivity(p=.003), and utilization of vitamin(p=.005) showed significant decrease after 1st weight loss method. However in 2nd weight loss method, urine conductivity(p=.038) and saliva rH2(p=.028) showed significant increase after weight loss. In conclusion, amateur boxing players need a systematic weight loss to maintain optimal conditioning.
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