스쿠버 다이버의 경험·재화 정도에 따른 인지적, 행동적, 정서적 레크리에이션 전문화의 최적 모형 탐색
Exploring an Optimal Model of Cognitive, Behavioral, and Affective Recreation Specialization based on the Experience and Goods of Scuba Divers
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[목적] 발달과정과 진행과정을 특징으로 하는 레크리에이션 전문화 이론은 레크리에이션의 각 차원에 따라 다양한 양상으로 발전하는 다양한 경로를 가지고 있음을 발견하였다. 이 연구의 목적은 스쿠버다이버들의 체험 참여 정도(빈도, 기간, 횟수)와 재화 투자(비용)가 증가함에 따라 전문화의 각 하위 차원이 어떻게 변화하는지 알아보는 것이다. [방법] 2021년 5월부터 8월까지 젊은 스쿠버다이버를 대상으로 목적표본추출법으로 표본을 추출하여 278개의 유효자료를 최종분석에 사용하였다. 자료처리방법은 SPSS 25.0, AMOS 25.0프로그램을 활용하였으며, 빈도분석, 기술통계분석, 확인적 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석, 상관관계 분석, 곡선추정분석, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. [결과] 첫째, 경험 중심에서 스쿠버 다이빙 참여자의 참여강도와 인지적, 행동적, 정서적 레크리에이션 전문화의 관계에 대한 최적의 모형은 2차(Quadratic) 비선형 모형으로 파악되었다. 둘째, 경험 중심에서 스쿠버 다이빙 참여자의참여기간, 참여빈도와 인지적, 행동적, 정서적 레크리에이션 전문화의 관계에 대한 최적의 모형은 3차(Cubic) 비선형 모형으로 파악되었다. 셋째, 재화 중심에서 스쿠버 다이빙 참여자의 지출비용과 인지적, 행동적, 정서적 레크리에이션 전문화의 관계에 대한 최적의 모형은 3차(Cubic) 비선형 모형으로 파악되었다. [결론] 의미 있는 경험적 참여와 재화의 투자는 레크리에이션 전문화를 보다 촉진시킨다. 참여 단계별 전개 양상에서어떠한 교환점(trade-off)이 작용했는지, 혹은 차원마다 경로의 순서가 어떻게 발생하는지에 대한 심도 있는 관찰이요구된다.
Abstract
PURPOSE Recreation specialization theory, which is characterized by a unique development process and progress, has been found to have varied pathways that develop in different patterns based on each dimension of recreation specialization. This study aimed to investigate how each sub-dimension of specialization changes as the degrees of experiential participation (frequency, period, and intensity of participation) and goods investment (expenditure) of the scuba divers increase. METHODS In the summer of 2021 (May-August), a purposive sampling method was used to collect samples from young scuba divers, and 278 copies of valid data were used for the final analysis. Frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, curve estimation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 ver. RESULTS The findings were as follows. First, the quadratic nonlinear model was identified as the optimal model for the relationships between the scuba divers’ participation intensity and cognitive, behavioral, and affective recreation specializations based on experience. Second, the cubic nonlinear model was identified as the optimal model for the relationships between the participation period, frequency of participation, and cognitive, behavioral, and affective recreation specializations of scuba divers. Third, the cubic nonlinear model was identified as the optimal model for the relationships between the expenditure cost of scuba divers and the cognitive, behavioral, and affective recreation specializations in the center of the goods. As the period, frequency, and expenditure of scuba diving participants increased, the relevant cognitive, behavioral, and affective specializations did not progress in a linear manner; instead, they went through an intermediate maintenance stage and developed to a higher level. CONCLUSIONS Progressive and meaningful consumption of experiences and goods further promotes recreation specialization. Any future follow-up study should identify a trade-off point in the development of the recreation specialization in a step by step manner.
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