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COVID-19 시기 지역(도시, 시골)과 성에 따른 중학교 학령기 청소년의 강도별 신체활동 특성 분석

Analyzing the Physical Activity Characteristics of Middle School Students Based On Region (Urban and Rural) and Sex during COVID-19

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초록

[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 3차원 가속도계를 활용해 COVID-19 시기 중학교 학령기 청소년의 신체활동 실태를 파악하고, 지역(도시, 시골)과 성에 따른 강도별 신체활동(좌식활동, 저강도 활동, MVPA) 특성을 파악하는 것이다. [방법] 자료 수집은 중규모 이상의 도시와 읍면 지역에 위치한 3개 중학교(총 6개교) 남녀 학생 216명을 대상으로 이루어졌고, 신체활동은 3차원 가속도계(GT3X)를 활용해 일주일동안 측정되었다. 수집된 자료를 강도별(좌식, 저강도, MVPA)로 분류 및 추출하였고, SPSS 20.0 통계 프로그램에 입력해 기술통계분석, 지역과 성별에 따른 이원분산분석을 실시하였다(<.05). [결과] 기술통계 분석 결과, 전체 학생의 신체활동 기준 달성율(일일 MVPA 60분 이상)은 9.4%로 나타났다. 이원분산분석 결과, 성별 주효과는 좌식활동(F=5.258), 저강도 활동(F=6.790), MVPA(F=32.274)에서 나타났고, 지역별 주효과는 저강도 활동(F=10.888)과 MVPA(F=7.876)에서 나타났다. 모든 강도에서 지역과 성별 상호작용 효과가 나타났으며, 남학생의 지역 간 격차(시골>도시)가 여학생의 격차보다 크게 나타났다. [결론] COVID-19 이후 청소년 신체활동 문제가 악화되고 있으며, 특히 도시 지역 남학생의 ‘신체활동 감소, 좌식활동 증가’ 문제가 상대적으로 더욱 심각한 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze physical activity (sedentary, light, moderate to vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) characteristics of middle school students based on region (urban and rural) and sex. METHODS Data were collected from 216 students across 6 middle schools located in medium-sized urban (3 schools) and rural areas (3 schools), and the relevant physical activity was measured using a three-dimensional accelerometer (GT3X model). The collected data were inputted into the SPSS 20.0, and descriptive analysis and two-way ANOVA based on region and gender were performed (<.05). RESULTS The descriptive statistical analysis resulted in the following achievement rate of the physical activity standard (MVPA 60 minutes/day): 9.4%. The two-way ANOVA showed that the main effect according to gender was found in sedentary activity (F=5.258), light activity (F=6.790), and MVPA (F=32.274); furthermore, the main effect according to region was found in light activity (F=10.888) and MVPA (F=7.876). Interaction effect according to region and gender was found at all intensities, and the gap between rural and urban in male students was larger compared to that of female students. CONCLUSIONS After COVID-19, the level of physical activity among adolescents has worsened; this study found the problem of “decrease in physical activity; increase in sedentary activity” to be more serious among male students in urban areas.

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