리더-구성원 교환관계, 셀프리더십 및 조직시민행동간 관계의 구조모형 분석: 지방정부 관료들의 셀프 리더십의 매개역할을 중심으로
The Structural Model between Leader-Member Exchange and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors with Self Leadership as a Mediator : A Focus on the Mediation Role of Self Leadership of Local Government Employees
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조직 구성원이 자신의 행동과 생각을 변화시켜 자기 스스로에게 영향력을 발휘하는 것은 물론 조직의 효율성에 기여하는 것으로 인식되고 있는 셀프리더십은 리더-구성원간 교환관계와 더불어 조직 발전에 기여하는 재량행동인 조직시민행동의 영향변인으로서의 역할이 기대된다. 최근 민간조직 분야에서 조직시민행동의 영향 변인으로 확인된 LMX(업무지향 및 관계지향)와 셀프 리더십을 지방정부 관료들에게 적용하여 분석한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 LMX와 셀프 리더십은 심리적 주인의식(psychologicalownership)을 자극하여 조직 구성원들의 정서적 유대감을 증대시키는 것은 물론 내재적동기부여 및 자기통제 시스템을 자극하여 지방정부 관료들의 조직시민행동에도 유의한 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 가정하에 이들 변인간의 구조적 관계를 실증적으로 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 가설 검정을 위해 구조방정식 모형을 이용하며, 매개효과 분석은 Sobel test와Bootstrapping 기법을 이용한다. 이를 위해 경남지역 행정관료들을 대상으로 실증분석을하였다. 분석 결과, 관계지향 LMX의 질과 행동지향 및 자연보상 전략을 통한 셀프 리더십의 고양은 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인으로 확인되었으며, 동시에 셀프 리더십은 다른 두 변인 사이에서 매개역할(강화효과: accentuation)도 하는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 현실의 성과지향적 관리시스템의 한계를 지적하고, 관료들 스스로 자기통제 시스템과 내재적 동기를 부여할 수 있도록 관계지향 LMX의 질과 셀프 리더십의 고양이 필요하다는 것을 확인하였다는 점에서 연구 의의가 있다.
Abstract
Referring to a self-influencing process in which the individuals manage theirown behaviors and thoughts to enhance personal effectiveness, self leadership(SL), combined with leader-member exchange (LMX), is expected to contributeto organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) addressing discretionary behaviorthat increases organizational effectiveness through altruism and civic virtue etc. However, the relative contribution of the two constructs to OCBs of localgovernment employees has not been almost touched yet. Using a sample of public workers from local government organizations inKyungnam province, this study aims to empirically investigate the relationshipbetween task and relation oriented leader-member exchange (TLMX andRLMX) and OCBs with SL as a mediator. Hypotheses were tested usingstatistical analysis of the data after establishing the psychometric properties ofthe scales. The reliability of the scales was verified by Cronbach’s α. Andthe study employed structural equation model for the direct effect analyses ofthe constructs and sobel test & bootstrapping for mediation effects. Results based on a sample of 152 public employees from local governmentorganizations in of Kyungnam Province indicate that RLMX has been positivelyrelated to OCBs while SL also produces some significant mediating andaccentuation effects on the relationship between RLMX and OCBs. An important implication of this study's findings is, consequently, that RLMXshould be positively increased to enhance the level of OCBs through using themediating role of SL(behavior focused strategies and natural reward strategies)
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