An Assessment of the Past 10 Years of South Korea Policy of the Kim Jong-un Regime
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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate South Korea's policy on North Korea over the past ten years under the Kim Jong-un regime. It is necessary to assess the regime's policies towards South Korea in connection with North Korea's national policy and security strategy as they are methods of achieving statewide and security-related objectives while addressing potential challenges. During the early phases of the Kim Jong-un regime, North Korea chose the Byungjin policy of simultaneously developing the economy and nuclear weapons. But in reality, North Korea's security strategy during this period was to focus on acquiring nuclear weapons. Given this, policies regarding South Korea were oriented towards cultivating an advantageous environment for, and managing obstacles against, the development of nuclear weapons. And as a result, North Korea's South Korea policy oscillated between aggressive and conciliatory approaches. Meanwhile, North Korea changed its national policy to a policy of all-out concentration on growing the economy in April 2018. The regime has subsequently revised its security strategy in 4 different ways to pursue the new national strategy and adapt to the changing environment, and North Korea's South Korea policy during this latter phase has reflected such intentions. Specifically, North Korea adopted a conciliatory policy when it sought to foster favorable external conditions for economic development, while transitioning to a more aggressive stance based on the concept of prioritizing the U.S. over South Korea when opting for an isolationist breakthrough battle to grow its economy. North Korea later tried to conditionally improve inter-Korean relations when it attempted to preserve a peaceful environment, and proposed preconditions while displaying a conciliatory attitude when it tried to cultivate a more advantageous environment. As this illustrates, North Korea's South Korea policy has been subjected to, and has been used as a tool for, the state's national and security policy as determined by the situation and the changing environment. Consequently, the Kim Jong-un regime's policies on South Korea have been varied and makeshift, rather than being principled.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate South Korea's policy on North Korea over the past ten years under the Kim Jong-un regime. It is necessary to assess the regime's policies towards South Korea in connection with North Korea's national policy and security strategy as they are methods of achieving statewide and security-related objectives while addressing potential challenges. During the early phases of the Kim Jong-un regime, North Korea chose the Byungjin policy of simultaneously developing the economy and nuclear weapons. But in reality, North Korea's security strategy during this period was to focus on acquiring nuclear weapons. Given this, policies regarding South Korea were oriented towards cultivating an advantageous environment for, and managing obstacles against, the development of nuclear weapons. And as a result, North Korea's South Korea policy oscillated between aggressive and conciliatory approaches. Meanwhile, North Korea changed its national policy to a policy of all-out concentration on growing the economy in April 2018. The regime has subsequently revised its security strategy in 4 different ways to pursue the new national strategy and adapt to the changing environment, and North Korea's South Korea policy during this latter phase has reflected such intentions. Specifically, North Korea adopted a conciliatory policy when it sought to foster favorable external conditions for economic development, while transitioning to a more aggressive stance based on the concept of prioritizing the U.S. over South Korea when opting for an isolationist breakthrough battle to grow its economy. North Korea later tried to conditionally improve inter-Korean relations when it attempted to preserve a peaceful environment, and proposed preconditions while displaying a conciliatory attitude when it tried to cultivate a more advantageous environment. As this illustrates, North Korea's South Korea policy has been subjected to, and has been used as a tool for, the state's national and security policy as determined by the situation and the changing environment. Consequently, the Kim Jong-un regime's policies on South Korea have been varied and makeshift, rather than being principled.
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