Empty Promise Fulfilled? North Korean Human Rights through the UPRs and the VNR
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North Korea is known for having one of the most severe human rights records, particularly concerning civil and political rights. Despite this, the country has ratified several human rights treaties, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in 1990, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 2001, and most recently, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2016. These actions might be perceived as typical authoritarian window dressing, intended to deflect international criticism. However, recent developments, particularly through the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) process and the Voluntary National Review (VNR) on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), suggest noteworthy progress. This research outlines the recent changes in North Korea’s human rights landscape and explains these developments using the Spiral Model. Despite widespread skepticism, North Korea has been making slow but steady steps toward incorporating international human rights norms into its national policy framework. However, it is also critical to understand the strategic concessions behind the socializing process.
Abstract
North Korea is known for having one of the most severe human rights records, particularly concerning civil and political rights. Despite this, the country has ratified several human rights treaties, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in 1990, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 2001, and most recently, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2016. These actions might be perceived as typical authoritarian window dressing, intended to deflect international criticism. However, recent developments, particularly through the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) process and the Voluntary National Review (VNR) on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), suggest noteworthy progress. This research outlines the recent changes in North Korea’s human rights landscape and explains these developments using the Spiral Model. Despite widespread skepticism, North Korea has been making slow but steady steps toward incorporating international human rights norms into its national policy framework. However, it is also critical to understand the strategic concessions behind the socializing process.
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