지방 중소도시의 유출인구 직종 특성 분석

Abstract

In the last decades, many small- and medium-sized cities in the non-metropolitan areas in Korea have been experiencing dramatic population decline due to outflows of population. The on-going population outflows, especially working- age population outflows, will negatively affect productivity and economic growth of cities. However, even though many studies have reported push and pull factors of migration, there has been very little research reported on the characteristics of working-age population outflows from small- and medium-sized cities in the non-metropolitan areas, In this context, this paper aims to give an overview of the outflow of working age population and to examine the occupational characteristics of emigrants from small- and medium-sized cities in the non-metropolitan areas during 2010-2015. The results show that young and highly educated individuals are most likely to migrate from smalland medium-sized cities in the non-metropolitan areas to cities in the metropolitan areas. Moreover, occupations with high outflow rates are generally professions and technicians, while occupations with low outflow rates are skilled agricultural, forestry and fisheries workers, plant and machine operators and assemblers and elementary occupations. This trend is more likely to create intense job polarization within the non-metropolitan areas and between metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas.