서로 다른 성장기회 하에서 재무정책과소유구조는 기업가치에 어떠한 영향을미치는가?
How Financial Policy and Ownership Structure Affect the Values of Firms Having Different Growth Opportunities?
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 2000년부터 2012년까지 장기간의 기간 동안 한국거래소 유가증권시장에 상장된 제조업 종목을 대상으로 표본구성을 하여 서로 다른 성장기회 하에서 부채비율, 배당정책 등으로 대표되는 재무정책과 내부자지분으로 측정한 소유구조가 기업가치에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지에 대하여 조사하였다. 이를 위해 성장기회 측정을 위한 변수인 MBE비율과 MBA비율을 기준으로 상위 40%와 하위 40%에 해당하는 기업들을 각각 성장기회가 높은 기업과 성장기회가 낮은 기업으로 구분하여 GMM분석을 실시하였다. 분석의 결과, 성장기회가 높은 기업은 부채비율이 기업가치에 매우 유의한 음(-)의 영향을 미치며, 성장기회가 낮은 기업에서는 부채비율이 기업가치에 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미친다는것을 발견하였다. 배당정책 또한 성장기회가 높은 기업에서는 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로나타났으나, 성장기회가 낮은 기업에서는 유의한 결과를 관찰하지 못하였다. 2008년 금융위기기간을 기준으로 구분한 표본을 대상으로 실시한 분석을 통하여 금융위기 이후 국내 기업들의 부채에 대한 부담이 커졌으며, 위기 전과 위기 후에 재무정책이 기업가치에 다르게 영향을 주고 있음을 발견하였다. 이러한 실증결과는 McConnell and Servaes(1995)가 미국 NYSE와 AMEX에 상장된 기업을 대상으로 하여 분석한 결과와도 일맥상통하며 López and Crisóstomo(2010)가 브라질 기업들을 대상으로 수행한 연구와도 어느 정도 일치하는 것이다. 본 연구를 통해 성장기회의 차이에 따라 재무정책의 효과가 상이한 현상이 국내에서도 관찰 가능한 현상임을 입증하였으며, 재무정책이 금융위기 이전과 이후에 서로 다른 형태로 영향을 미치는 것을 입증하였다.
Abstract
We investigate how financial policies, which are represented by debt ratio, dividend policy,and ownership structure, affect the firm values of listed companies that have different growth opportunities. Specifically we examine the manufacturing companies listed in the Korean Stock Exchange from January 2000 to December 2012. We conduct a system-GMM by dividing the companies into an upper 40% group with high growth opportunities and a lower 40% group with low growth opportunities, based on the MBE ratio and MBA ratio. As a result, we find some interesting results suggesting that leverage has a significantly negative (-)effect on firm values in the group with high growth opportunities. On the other hand,leverage has a significantly positive (+) effect on firm values in the group with low growth opportunities. Dividend policy has a significantly positive (+) effect on firm values in the group having high growth opportunities. Our overall findings coincide with the empirical results of a study by McConnell and Servaes (1995), which was conducted on NYSE and AMEX-listed companies, as well as with the results of a study by López and Crisóstomo(2010),which was conducted on Brazilian firms. We find that such phenomena are also observed in Korea, a leading emerging market.
참고문헌 (43)
- 박경서, "재벌기업의 대주주경영자는 비재벌기업의 대주주경영자와 얼마나다른가?: 한국 상장기업의 내부자지분, 자본구조 및 기업가치에 관한 실증연구", 재무연구, 14(2), pp.61~80 (2001)
- 박진우, "글로벌 금융위기에 따른 미국 주식시장의 충격이 국내 금융시장에 미친 영향에 관한 연구", 금융안정연구, 12(2), pp.51~81 (2011), 예금보험공사
- 신종협, "글로벌 금융위기가 국내 일반은행과 저축은행의 효율성에 미친 영향 분석", 금융안정연구, 12(1), pp.25~53 (2011), 예금보험공사
- 임상수, "금융 위기 전후 한국 주식시장의 해외 정보에 대한 비대칭성 비교", 금융안정연구, 12(2), pp.83~99 (2011), 예금보험공사
- Adam, T, "The Investment Opportunity Set and its Proxy Variables", Journal of Financial Research, 16(1), pp.41~63 (2008)
- Bae, K. -H, "Do Controlling Shareholders’ Exproriation Incentives imply a link between Corporate Governance and Firm Value? Theory and Evidence", Journal of Financial Economics, 105, pp.412~435 (2012)
- Baek, J. -S, "Corporate Governance and Firm Value : Evidence from the Korean Financial Crisis", Journal of Financial Economics, 71, pp.265~313 (2004)
- Barclay, M. J, "The Maturity Structure of Corporate Debt", Journal of Finance, 50(2), pp.609~631 (1995)
- Barclay, M. J, "The Joint Determination of Leverage and Maturity", Journal of Corporate Finance, 9(1), pp.149~167 (2003)
- Billett, M. T, "Growth Opportunies and the Choice of Leverage, Debt Maturity, and Covenants", Journal of Finance, 62(2), pp.697~730 (2007)
- Bris, A., "Who Should Pay for Bankruptcy Costs?", Journal of Legal Studies, 34(2), pp.295~341 (2005)
- Bris, A., I. Welch, "The Costs of Bankruptcy: Chapter 7 Liquidation versus Chapter 11 Reorganization", Journal of Finance, 61(3), pp.1253~1303 (2006)
- "The Effect of APR Violations on the Seniority and Timing of Debt Issuance" (2008)[URL]
- Broadie, M, "Optimal Debt and Equity Values in the Presence of Chapter 7 and Chapter 11", Journal of Finance, 62(3), pp.1341~1377 (2007)
- Chen, C, "Managerial Ownership and Agency Conflicts : A Nonlinear Simultaneous Equation Analysis of Managerial Ownership, Risk Taking, Debt Policy, and Dividend Policy", Financial Review, 34(1), pp.119~136 (1999)
- Cho, M, "Ownership Structure, Investment, and the Corporate Value : An Empirical Analysis", Journal of Financial Economics, 47(1), pp.103~121 (1998)
- DeAngelo, H, "Special Dividends and the Evolution of Dividend Signalling", Journal of Financial Economics, 57(3), pp.309~354 (2000)
- Demsetz, H, "Ownership Structure and Corporate Performance", Journal of Corporate Finance, 7(3), pp.209~233 (2001)
- Dyck, A, "Private Benefits of Control : An International Comparison", Journal of Finance, 59(2), pp.537~600 (2004)
- Gaver, J. J, "Additional Evidence on the Association between the Investment Opportunity Set and Corporate Financing, Dividend, and Compensation Policies", Journal of Accounting and Economics, 16(1-3), pp.127~160 (1993)
- "The Growth Opportunity Channel of Debt Structure" (2012)[URL]
- Gilson, S. C, "Valuation of Bankrupt Firms", Review of Financial Studies, 13(1), pp.43~74 (2000)
- Goyal, V. K, "Growth Opportunities and Corporate Debt Policy : The Case of the U. S. Defense Industry", Journal of Financial Economics, 64(1), pp.35~59 (2002)
- Hackbarth, D, "Optimal Priority Structure, Capital Structure, and Investment", Review of Financial Studies, 25(3), pp.747~796 (2012)
- Himmelberg, C. P, "Understanding the Determinants of Managerial Ownership and the Link Between Ownership and Performance", Journal of Financial Economics, 53(9), pp.353~384 (1999)
- Houston, J, "Bank Information Monopolies and the Mix of Private and Public Debt Claims", Journal of Finance, 51(5), pp.1863~1890 (1996)
- Jensen, M. C, "Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers", American Economic Review, 76(2), pp.323~339 (1986)
- Jensen, M. C, "Theory of the Firm : Managerial Behavior, Agency Cost, and Ownership Structure", Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), pp.305~360 (1976)
- Jensen, M. C, "Simultaneous Determination of Insider Ownership, Debt and Dividend Policies", Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 27(2), pp.247~263 (1992)
- Joh, S. W, "Corporate Governance and Firm Profitability : Evidence from Korea before the Economic Crisis", Journal of Financial Economics, 68(2), pp.287~322 (2003)
- Johnson, S. A, "Debt Maturity and the Effect of Growth Opportunities and Liquidity Risk on Leverage", Review of Financial Economics, 16(1), pp.209~236 (2003)
- Lang, L. H. P, "Dividend Announcements Cash Flow Signalling vs. Free Cash Flow Hypothesis?", Journal of Financial Economics, 24(1), pp.181~191 (1989)
- Lang, L., "Leverage, Investment, and Firm Growth", Journal of Financial Economics, 40(1), pp.3~29 (1996)
- López, F. J, "Do Leverage, Dividend and Ownership Concentrain Influence Firms' Value Creation? An Analysis of Brazillian Firms", Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 46(3), pp.80~94 (2010)
- McConnell, J, "Equity Ownership and the Two Faces of Debt", Journal of Financial Economics, 39(1), pp.131~157 (1995)
- Mitton, T, "Across-firm Analysis of the impact of Corporate Governance on the East Asian Financial Crisis", Journal of Financial Economics, 64, pp.215~241 (2002)
- Modigliani, F, "The Cost of Capital, Corporation Finance, and the Theory of Investment", American Economic Review, 48(3), pp.261~297 (1958)
- Modigliani, F, "Corporate Income Taxes and the Cost of Capital : A Correction", American Economic Review, 53(3), pp.433~443 (1963)
- Myers, S, "Determinants of Corporate Borrowing", Journal of Financial Economics, 5(2), pp.147~175 (1977)
- Myers, S. C, "Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions When Firms Have Information That Investors Do Not Have", Journal of Financial Economics, 3(2), pp.187~221 (1984)
- Roodman, D, "How to do xtabond2: An introduction to difference and system GMM in Stata", The Stata Journal, 9(1) (2009)
- Smith, C. W, "The Investment Opportunity Set and Corporate Financing, Dividend, and Compensation Policies", Journal of Financial Economics, 32(3), pp.263~292 (1992)
- Stulz, R, "Managerial discretion and optimal financing policies", Journal of Financial Economics, 26(1), pp.3~27 (1990)
