장단기 금리스프레드의 경기 설명력에 관한 연구: 미국과 한국을 중심으로
Predictive Power of the Term Spread on Real Output Growth: Empirical Evidence from U.S and S. Korea
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본 연구는 마르코프 스위칭 (Markov Switching) 모형을 기반으로 장단기 금리스프레드가 경기 변동에 어느 정도 설명력이 있는지를 한국과 미국의 시장금리를 활용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 한국은 고변동성 국면에서만 장단기 금리스프레드가 실질 GDP 증가율에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 드러났다. 반면 미국은 변동성 국면과 관계없이 금리스프레드가 실질 GDP 성장률에 유의미하게 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 더불어 고변동성에서 한국의 금리스프레드의 영향력이 미국의 영향력보다 더 큰 것으로 분석되었다. 미-중 무역 분쟁 및 코로나19 펜데믹을 겪고 있는 지금의 시기는 고변동성이 될 확률이 큰 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 장단기 금리스프레드 및 여러 경제 지표를 면밀히 관찰하여 향후 경기 변동을 대비할 필요가 있을 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the predictive power of the interest rates term spread on the real GDP growth rate by employing Markov Switching Model in U.S and S. Korea. As a result, the impact of the term spread in S. Korea on the real output growth has a statistically significant in high volatility regime. In the case of U.S, the estimated coefficients for real output growth in both high and low volatility regimes are positive and statistically significant, implying that the term spread has a significant predictive power regardless of the regime. Furthermore, in high volatility regime, the term spread in S. Korea has more predictive power than the U.S counterpart. Current period is considered as a high volatility regime caused by the outbreak of coronavirus and China-US trade dispute. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor interest rates term spread carefully to prepare for future output fluctuations.
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