종파 갈등의 재생산: 사우디와 이란의 범 아랍어 뉴스의 예멘 내전 보도 방식의 차이를 중심으로
Reproducing Sectarianism: Saudi-Iranian rivalry in the Arab media
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본 연구는 사우디 이란과의 대립 관계로 인한 중동 지역의 종파적 갈등에 대해 예멘 내전을 사례로 하여 살펴보았다. 일반적으로 사우디와 이란의 대립 관계는 수니와 시아파 간의 종파 갈등으로 여겨진다. 하지만 종파주의는 권력 강화를 위해 사용되는 것이다. 아랍의 봄 이후, 사우디와 이란의 권력 투쟁이 고조되었다. 이러한 과정에서 사우디와 이란의 개입이 중동 지역의 종파 갈등을 고조시키는데 기여하였다. 나아가, 사우디와 이란의 국영 언론들은 종파주의에 기반한 보도를 통해서 중동 지역의 종파적 적대감과 종파 갈등을 고조시키는데 기여하였다. 본 연구는 예멘 내전의 발생과 사우디 이란 갈등 관계와의 연관성을 살펴 보았다. 특히, 이번 연구는 사우디와 이란의 국영 아랍어 뉴스 채널이 예멘 내전에서 후티 반군, 단호한 폭풍 작전, 예멘의 인도적 위기를 다루는데 어떠한 방법으로 종파적 서사를 이용하였는지 살펴 보았으면서 이를 통해서 예멘 내전에서 어떠한 이득을 얻고자 했는지 연구하는데 기여하였다.
Abstract
This study examines Saudi-Iranian rivalry and its influence on sectarian conflict in the Middle East using the Yemeni Civil War as a case study. Typically, Saudi-Iranian rivalry is considered as a sectarian conflict between Sunni and Shi’a. However, sectarianism is being used as a tool to consolidate power. Since the Arab Spring, power struggles between Saudi Arabia and Iran has escalated. In this process, Saudi and Iranian intervention has contributed to escalating sectarian conflicts in the Middle East. Furthermore, sectarian biased news coverage of both state owned Saudi and Iranian news channels led to spread sectarian antagonism and spur sectarian split in the Middle East. The study looks into the origins of the Yemeni Civil War and its relations with Saudi Iranian rivalry. In particular, this study contributes to investigating how Saudi and Iranian state owned Arabic news channels deployed sectarian discourses in their coverage of the Houthi movement, Operation of Decisive Storm and Yemen humanitarian crisis and used this to their advantage in the Yemeni Civil War. This study confirms that Saudi Arabia and Iran use their news channels to perpetuate sectarian fissures by reinstating their own sectarian propaganda. Sectarianism which is produced by political power is reproduced through the media and the people who accept and benefit from it.
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