휘인유성황후 쿠케진(Kökejin, 闊闊眞, 1240?-1300) 카툰과 고려 왕실 관계에 대한 一考察
An Examination of Kökejin (闊闊眞, 1240?-1300) Khatun and Her Relationship with the Goryeo Royal Family
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In the history of the Mongol Empire, there remain numerous areas yet to be explored, awaiting scholarly research. Among these, the study of imperial women has received relatively little attention despite its significance. In particular, Kökejin, the consort of Jingim, who was the crown prince of Khubilai Qa'an, retained her influence even after her husband's premature death. Following the death of her father-in-law, Khubilai and Chabi Khatun, Kökejin outmaneuvered Nambui Khatun to convene a kurultai and successfully placed her son, Temür, on the throne. This success was made possible by the alignment of Mongol high nobility, who, during Jingim’s lifetime, had united around him in opposition to Khubilai's harsh financial policies, thereby supporting Kökejin and their preferred candidate, Temür. Kökejin’s connection to Goryeo dates back to her time as crown princess. After her son ascended the throne and she became empress dowager, she played a significant role in Goryeo's politics by overseeing the marriage alliances between Mongol princesses and Goryeo royalty. While her primary role concerned the marital arrangements of imperial family members, these unions were critical to foreign relations in the Mongol context, as they emphasized interpersonal bonds, particularly marriage alliances. As such, Kökejin's activities had substantial implications for diplomacy. During Kökejin’s era, the rulers of Goryeo were King Chungnyeol and King Chungseon. Depending on the circumstances, they either benefited from her influence or faced considerable pressure. Remarkably, Kökejin even used Tamna (Jeju Island) as pastureland for her horses. This study aims to analyze Kökejin’s rise to power and her influence on Goryeo, thereby contributing to our understanding of Yuan-Goryeo relations and the power dynamics of Mongol imperial women.
Abstract
In the history of the Mongol Empire, there remain numerous areas yet to be explored, awaiting scholarly research. Among these, the study of imperial women has received relatively little attention despite its significance. In particular, Kökejin, the consort of Jingim, who was the crown prince of Khubilai Qa'an, retained her influence even after her husband's premature death. Following the death of her father-in-law, Khubilai and Chabi Khatun, Kökejin outmaneuvered Nambui Khatun to convene a kurultai and successfully placed her son, Temür, on the throne. This success was made possible by the alignment of Mongol high nobility, who, during Jingim’s lifetime, had united around him in opposition to Khubilai's harsh financial policies, thereby supporting Kökejin and their preferred candidate, Temür. Kökejin’s connection to Goryeo dates back to her time as crown princess. After her son ascended the throne and she became empress dowager, she played a significant role in Goryeo's politics by overseeing the marriage alliances between Mongol princesses and Goryeo royalty. While her primary role concerned the marital arrangements of imperial family members, these unions were critical to foreign relations in the Mongol context, as they emphasized interpersonal bonds, particularly marriage alliances. As such, Kökejin's activities had substantial implications for diplomacy. During Kökejin’s era, the rulers of Goryeo were King Chungnyeol and King Chungseon. Depending on the circumstances, they either benefited from her influence or faced considerable pressure. Remarkably, Kökejin even used Tamna (Jeju Island) as pastureland for her horses. This study aims to analyze Kökejin’s rise to power and her influence on Goryeo, thereby contributing to our understanding of Yuan-Goryeo relations and the power dynamics of Mongol imperial women.
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