訓民正音 制字原理의 位階性과 異體

Abstract

In Hunminjeong-eum(訓民正音, Hangeul), the characters of Gahoek(加劃, adding a stroke) principle and the characters of Hap-i-seong(合而成, combination) principle have been considered not to be the hieroglyphic characters(applications of Sanghyeong(象形) principle). However, taking a close look at the descriptive book of ≪Hunminjeong-eum≫, it is sure that Sanghyeong(象形, imitating the shape) principle ranks higher than other principles in the hierarchy of inventing principles. So the characters of Gahoek(加劃) principle and the characters of Hap-i-seong(合而成) principle commonly show the peculiarity of the hieroglyphic characters. And the book of ≪Hunminjeong-eum≫ reveals no homogeneity between ㆁ/ŋ/ and ‘ㄹ/l/, ㅿ/z/’, too. The character ㆁ is invented from the application of Ga hoek(加劃) principle, ‘ㄹ/l/, ㅿ/z/’ are made by only Sanghyeong(象形) prin- ciple. Although ‘ㄹ, ㅿ’ were invented imitating the shape of tongue and tooth, they adopt different alphabetic forms to distinguish from the shapes of ‘ㄴ, ㅅ’. Consequently, Iche(異體, different alphabetic form) is the another inventing principle.