Chlorella vulgaris 미세조류 추출물의 자외선B 의존적 인간 진피섬유아 세포 손상에 대한 보호 효능 연구
The Extract of Chlorella vulgaris Exerts Protective Effects Against Ultraviolet B Radiation-induced Damages in Human Dermal Fibroblasts
2
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation accelerates skin aging by inducing direct DNA damage and indirect intracellulardamage, which induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). In this study,we demonstrated that pretreatment with the hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae protects UVBmediatedcell damages in NHDFs. Firstly, we compared the cytotoxicity effect of four extracts (ethanol,hexane, ethyl acetate and distilled water) of Chlorella vulgaris on NHDFs, and found that the four extractshad a little cytotoxicity at 1-20 μg/ml. Additional biochemical assay showed that UVB-induced cytotoxicitywas significantly reduced in NHDFs posttreated with only hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris . Furthermore,to increase the UVB-protection effect of the extract, we changed the concentration and treatment time, andfound that 48 h of posttreatment with hexane extract (20 μg/ml) of Chlorella vulgaris significantly increasedthe cell viability by 34.01±5.86% compared with the viability of UVB-irradiated NHDFs. In addition, we foundthat the hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris promoted the DNA repair properties in NHDFs, as revealed byluciferase-based DNA repairing assay. Overall, our results indicate that hexane extract of Chlorella vulgarisis implicated as a potential chemopreventive agent through UVB protection effect on NHDFs.
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation accelerates skin aging by inducing direct DNA damage and indirect intracellulardamage, which induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs). In this study,we demonstrated that pretreatment with the hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae protects UVBmediatedcell damages in NHDFs. Firstly, we compared the cytotoxicity effect of four extracts (ethanol,hexane, ethyl acetate and distilled water) of Chlorella vulgaris on NHDFs, and found that the four extractshad a little cytotoxicity at 1-20 μg/ml. Additional biochemical assay showed that UVB-induced cytotoxicitywas significantly reduced in NHDFs posttreated with only hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris . Furthermore,to increase the UVB-protection effect of the extract, we changed the concentration and treatment time, andfound that 48 h of posttreatment with hexane extract (20 μg/ml) of Chlorella vulgaris significantly increasedthe cell viability by 34.01±5.86% compared with the viability of UVB-irradiated NHDFs. In addition, we foundthat the hexane extract of Chlorella vulgaris promoted the DNA repair properties in NHDFs, as revealed byluciferase-based DNA repairing assay. Overall, our results indicate that hexane extract of Chlorella vulgarisis implicated as a potential chemopreventive agent through UVB protection effect on NHDFs.
참고문헌 (25)
- Philips N, "Beneficial regulation of matrix metalloproteinases for skin health", Enzyme Res, 2011, pp.427285~ (2011)
- Wang B., "Photoaging: a review of current concepts of pathogenesis", J. Cutan. Med. Surg, 15(Suppl 1), pp.S374~S377 (2011)
- Farage MA, "Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in skin ageing: a review", Int. J. Cosmet. Sci, 30, pp.87~95 (2008)
- Freeman SE, "Sunscreen protection against UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in DNA of human skin in situ", Photodermatol, 5, pp.243~247 (1988)
- Fourtanier A, "Sunscreens containing the broad-spectrum UVA absorber, Mexoryl SX, prevent the cutaneous detrimental effects of UV exposure:a review of clinical study results", Photodermatol. Photoimmunol. Photomed, 24, pp.164~174 (2008)
- Phillips TJ, "Effect of daily versus intermittent sunscreen application on solar simulated UV radiation-induced skin response in humans", J. Am. Acad. Dermatol, 43, pp.610~618 (2000)
- Al Mahroos M, "Effect of sunscreen application on UV-induced thymine dimers", Arch. Dermatol., 138, pp.1480~1485 (2002)
- Viros A, "Ultraviolet radiation accelerates BRAFdriven melanomagenesis by targeting TP53", Nature, 511, pp.487~482 (2014)
- Tanaka K, "Augmentation of host defense by a unicellular green alga, Chlorella vulgaris , to Escherichia coli infection", Infect. Immun, 53, pp.267~271 (1986)
- Hasegawa T, "Accelerated restoration of the leukocyte number and augmented resistance against Escherichia coli in cyclophosphamide-treated rats orally administered with a hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris", Int. J. Immunopharmacol, 12, pp.883~891 (1990)
- Morimoto T, "Anti-tumourpromoting glyceroglycolipids from the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris", Phytochemistry, 40, pp.1433~1437 (1995)
- Konishi F, "Antitumor effect induced by a hot water extract of Chlorella vulgaris (CE): resistance to Meth-A tumor growth mediated by CE-induced polymorphonuclear leukocytes", Cancer Immunol. Immunother, 19, pp.73~78 (1985)
- Tanaka K, "Oral administration of a unicellular green algae, Chlorella vulgaris , prevents stress-induced ulcer", Planta. Medica, 63, pp.465~466 (1997)
- Makpol S, "Chlorella vulgaris modulates hydrogen peroxideinduced DNA damage and telomere shortening of human fibroblasts derived from different aged individuals", Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med, 6, pp.560~572 (2009)
- Shih MF, "Protective Effects of Chlorella-Derived Peptide Against UVC-Induced Cytotoxicity through Inhibition of Caspase-3 Activity and Reduction of the Expression of Phosphorylated FADD and Cleaved PARP-1 in Skin Fibroblasts", Molecules, 17, pp.9116~9128 (2012)
- Lee GT, "Arctiin induces an UVB protective effect in human dermal fibroblast cells through microRNA expression changes", Int. J. Mol. Med, 33, pp.640~648 (2014)
- Selby CP, "RNA polymerase II stalled at a thymine dimer: footprint and effect on excision repair", Nucleic Acids Res, 25, pp.787~793 (1997)
- Kappes UP, "Short- and long-wave UV light (UVB and UVA)induce similar mutations in human skin cells", J. Invest. Dermatol, 126, pp.667~675 (2006)
- Kreimer-Erlacher H, "High frequency of ultraviolet mutations at the INK4a-ARF locus in squamous cell carcinomas from psoralen-plus-ultraviolet-A-treated psoriasis patients", J. Invest. Dermatol, 120, pp.676~682 (2003)
- Wu H, "Biodiesel quality and biochemical changes of microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus in response to nitrate levels", Bioresour. Technol, 70C, pp.421~427 (2014)
- Ahmad AL, "Comparison of harvesting methods for microalgae Chlorella sp. and its potential use as a biodiesel feedstock", E nviron. Technol, 35, pp.2244~2253 (2014)
- Matsui MS, "Sulfated polysaccharides from red microalgae have antiinflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo", Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol, 104, pp.13~22 (2003)
- Grether-Beck S, "Bioactive molecules from the Blue Lagoon: in vitro and in vivo assessment of silica mud and microalgae extracts for their effects on skin barrier function and prevention of skin ageing", Exp. Dermatol, 17, pp.771~779 (2008)
- Tominaga K, "Cosmetic benefits of astaxanthin on humans subjects", Acta Biochim. Pol, 59, pp.43~47 (2012)
- Tovar-Sanchez A, "Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants to coastal waters", PLoS One, 8, pp.e65451~ (2013)