빈곤정책으로서의 중국의 扶貧開發事業 분석

Abstract

This study tried to analysis on Chinese poverty policy after 1978, at the social welfare perspectives(community development). The characters of Chinese community development(Help-Poverty development policy) are as follows. Those are from relief-type to the developmental-type, focus on the western and poverty area, more strengthening the management of poverty(income) and local government roles, by using the each part\'s merits and preferential treatment policy on poverty area. The Help-Poverty development Program that is a central government make it\'s plans and practice, is the most important and representative in China. We recognized Help-Poverty development Program is a process of combined residents and government efforts, for improving residents life condition. So that is a Community Organization, especially Community Development at the social welfare perspectives. The Central and local government, residents and private area all of them tried to improve community welfare. According to which of them got more important role, the development types are deferent also. If central and local government roles are more important, those ares Top-down Program-Planning. Private area and local resident roles are more important, those are Bottom-up Program-Planning. In fact, only one part\'s effort can\'t achieved their aims. So, many under-development nations adopt Joint-Program Planning. But we recognized, through the Chinese Help-Poverty Development Program characters, the central government roles are the most important in China. So we call that is a typical Top-down Program-Planning in the community development type.