우리나라 장애인고용패널의 주요 특성, 장애수용, 일상생활 만족도 비교연구
A Study on the Characteristics, Disability Acceptance, and Life Satisfactions of Persons with Disabilities: Focusing on the Korea Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled
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초록
이 연구는 4개년에 걸쳐 수집된 우리나라 장애인고용패널 자료를 통해 장애인들의 생활상과 심리사회적 경제적 특성을 밝히고자 하였다. 조사에 사용된 주된 자료는 2011년 제 4차년도 장애인고용패널자료인데 남자 2,736명과 여자 1,661명, 모두 4,397명에 대한 것으로 평균 연령은 53세이고 50대에서 가장 많은 빈도를 보였다. 고용의 개인 차원에서 선행 지표가 되는 학력에서 일반 인구에 비해 낮게 나타났으며, 여성장애인들의 취약성이 특히 두드러졌다. 여성장애인은 혼인상태와 고용형태에서도 취약성을 보이고 저학력과 가사노동의 부담 등으로 인해 여성장애인의 고용기간은 짧고 불안하며, 혼인상태와 대학교육에서 상대적으로 불리하여 이중고와 빈곤에 노출되고 있음을 보여주었다. 장애인에게 일은 경제적 측면보다도 사회심리적 측면에서 더욱 중요하다는 점을 확인할 수 있다. 일상생활 만족도와 장애수용 정도는 요인 점수들을 활용하여 측정하였는데 장애인 일상생활과 일자리에서 만족도를 높여 삶의 질 향상을 꾀해야 한다. 끝으로, 조사연구결과의 분석과 함께, 장애인의 취업 경로와 고용을 증대시킬 수 있는 방법을 제언하고 정책적으로 필요한 추후 연구노력과 임상실천 상의 함의점들을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating disabled persons' conditions and current situations of work and social life areas through the panel data of Korea Panel Survey of Employment of the Disabled from 2008 to 2011. The panel data were gathered for the last 4 years, but major analyses were done for the 4th panel data (2011) that included 2,736 male, 1,661 female, total 4,397 subjects. Their mean age was 53 years and one third of them are in their 50s. These people must have more access to the primary labour market with good paying jobs. The policy systems and community programs are necessary to being more qualitatively advanced. Acceptance of disabilities is viewed as an undesirable or negative state, but also as a positive state and a process of continuous coping with a disability. In this study acceptance of disabilities is indicative of having two factors; the Psycho-social Factor and Disability Sublimation Factor. An important personal indicator to predict employment in general was the level of education. However, people with disabilities in Korea had significantly low level of education compared to the non-disabled population. There was a big disparity between male survey participants and female participants. Women with disabilities have shown more outstanding psycho-social vulnerabilities. Their status of marriage and employment were especially vulnerable. The low level of education and long household labor hours might put them in a unstable employment and/or a underemployment situation. Their marriage and opportunity to college-level education were limited to around half of their counterpart. As a result, women with disabilities are more exposed to poverty and social barriers than men with disabilities. The results showed psycho-social aspects were more important than economical aspects to people with disabilities for the research participants. In conclusion, the findings of this study were presented with several strategies of improving employment opportunities among people with severe disabilities, and directions of future efforts with clinical implications to proceed further vocational rehabilitation policy achievements.
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