Biological Effects of Yeast-fermented Plant Root Extract Mixture on Skin Cells
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Purpose: To verify the biological effects including anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, of fermented plant root extract mixtures that were measured in vitro . Method: To select the most effective plant root extract, the effects of DPPH free radical scavenging were measured. The mixture (MC) of selected plant roots was fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae ) (MF). Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was performed on human dermal fibroblast to measure the effects of MC and MF on the mRNA expression of COL1A1 and hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2 ) and on the anti-inflammatory-related gene expressions such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 ), interleukin-6 (IL-6 ), and tumor-necrosis factor (TNF )-α . Additionally, we also tested the cell renewal and proliferation for skin cell migration. Student's t-test was performed for statistical analysis, and results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Results: Among 15 root extracts, those of Taraxacum officinale (T. officinale ) rhizome, Arctium lappa (A. lappa ), Anemarrhena asphodeloides (A. asphodeloides ), Pueraria lobata (P. lobata ), and Nelumbo nucifera (N. nucifera ) were selected based on the effect of DPPH free radical scavenging. The mRNA expression levels of COL1A1 and HAS2 were increased by MC and MF in a concentration-dependent manner. MC and MF showed cell renewal and proliferation. Inflammation-related genes were inhibited by MC or MF in a concentrationdependent manner (TNF-α , IL-6 , and COX-2 ). MF showed significantly better efficacy than MC. Conclusion: Mixed root extracts of T. officinale rhizome/root , A. lappa , A. asphodeloides , P. lobata , and N. nucifera fermented with S. cerevisiae enable cell renewal, have anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, and can be used as an active cosmetic raw materials.
Abstract
Purpose: To verify the biological effects including anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, of fermented plant root extract mixtures that were measured in vitro . Method: To select the most effective plant root extract, the effects of DPPH free radical scavenging were measured. The mixture (MC) of selected plant roots was fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae ) (MF). Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was performed on human dermal fibroblast to measure the effects of MC and MF on the mRNA expression of COL1A1 and hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2 ) and on the anti-inflammatory-related gene expressions such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 ), interleukin-6 (IL-6 ), and tumor-necrosis factor (TNF )-α . Additionally, we also tested the cell renewal and proliferation for skin cell migration. Student's t-test was performed for statistical analysis, and results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Results: Among 15 root extracts, those of Taraxacum officinale (T. officinale ) rhizome, Arctium lappa (A. lappa ), Anemarrhena asphodeloides (A. asphodeloides ), Pueraria lobata (P. lobata ), and Nelumbo nucifera (N. nucifera ) were selected based on the effect of DPPH free radical scavenging. The mRNA expression levels of COL1A1 and HAS2 were increased by MC and MF in a concentration-dependent manner. MC and MF showed cell renewal and proliferation. Inflammation-related genes were inhibited by MC or MF in a concentrationdependent manner (TNF-α , IL-6 , and COX-2 ). MF showed significantly better efficacy than MC. Conclusion: Mixed root extracts of T. officinale rhizome/root , A. lappa , A. asphodeloides , P. lobata , and N. nucifera fermented with S. cerevisiae enable cell renewal, have anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, and can be used as an active cosmetic raw materials.
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