소비에트 중앙아시아 고려인 문학과 계봉우

Abstract

This article aims to introduce the situation of Korean literary world of Soviet Central Asia and the situation of Korean language education, where Gye Bong-U (penname Bugu or Dwibabo) has deployed educational and creative activities, and to investigate in priority Gye Bong-U’s manuscript the ‘History of Korean literature’and six poems published in the Lenin kichi. So far, there has not been any comprehensive discussion neither on ‘History of Korean literature’ nor on his creative poems. Based on the period division and genre classification referred in “History of Korean literature’, we examined Gye Bong-U’s literary point of view through his severe review on the History of Korean literature by An Jasan. Gye Bong-U divided the period in four: germination, growth, development, and prosperity. At a glance,it seems that he has applied the internal literary criteria, however if we examine in detail the contents, we know that he simply followed the external literary criteria based on dynastic history. This is the very period division of An Jasan, who referred the external literary criteria. In genre classification, to our regret, unlike his desire Gye Bong-U could not suggest any original opinion in ‘History of Korean literature’. As Gye Bong-U himself revealed, he had to adopt Kim Taejun’s literary classification and could not overcome the limits described in the existing books written by An Jasan etc. Gye Bong-U himself valued his manuscript ‘History of Korean literature’that “not only its contents were poor due to absence of reference materials but also its conclusion were not clear due to my poor skill, it was not different from that of An Jasan”. Such lamentation is nothing but a confession of regret about his idle thought on An Jasan. Nevertheless, if we grant a meaning to Gye Bong-U’s manuscript ‘History of Korean literary’, it is the first attempt in Korean society of Soviet Central Asia to write a history of Korean literature. Affirming that there are six poems published by Gye Bong-U in the Lenin kichi,we have cleared up that pomes published not only by ‘Dwibabo’ but also by ‘Babo’are Gye Bong-U’s works. The penname ‘Babo’ was already used as his penname in journalistic articles and the poetic particularity and usage of certain mark in stanza division by ‘Babo’ are the same in the poems by ‘Dwibabo’. Regarding poetic themes, there are the joy of good harvest and admiration for Stalin in <autumn of wheat in Kolkhozes>, <This day> and <treasure>; the praise of the October revolution led by Lenin in <Tears of grandfather>; the admiration for the Soviet army, which liberated Korea and Stalin in <My feeling> and <Third anniversary of liberation>. Throughout all poems, the poetic narrator praises leaders of the Soviet Union and its system. It is because the direction and guideline of literary creation of the Soviet Union, which accentuates the superiority of the Soviet society,was consistently reflected in the poems. The characteristics of Gye Bong-U’s poems can be defined as an occasional poetry lacking poetic tension created for a specific purpose for agitation propaganda.