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AHP를 이용한 사이버작전지휘통제 의사결정 민첩성에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인에 관한 연구

An Empirical Study of Influencing Indicators for Cyberspace Operations Command and Control through AHP Technique

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초록

사이버작전 지휘통제는 사이버공간의 특성과 이로 인한 작전의 성격, 기술과 지식의 역량에 의한 대응능력의 극명한 차이, 군을 넘어 국내·외 관련 조직 및 국가와의 공동 협력에 기초한 사이버위협 대응 등으로 인해 지금까지 적용하여 온 군 내부로만 한정된 수직적인 의사결정 방식의 군사적인 지휘통제와는 다른 차원의 특성을 요구하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존 연구와 문헌 고찰을 통해 얻어진 지휘통제 접근 모델을 기반으로 사이버작전 지휘통제 구조에 있어서 의사결정의 민첩성에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인들을 식별하고 평가 모형을 구축하였으며 AHP 기법을 이용하여 사이버작전 지휘통제의 의사결정권한 할당을 위한 상대적 중요도를 도출하고 순위화하였다. 일관성 비율(CR)은 0.043 값으로 나타나 토마스 세티에 의해 제안된 0.1이하의 결과를 보였으며, 이번 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 연구결과를 얻었다. 사이버작전 지휘통제에서 의사결정의 민첩성에 미치는 영향요인으로 6가지 특성 중에 조직능력 특성이 0.399로 가장 높은 결과가 도출되었으며 가용자산(0.190), 정치적 위험(0.136), 작전성격(0.116), 사이버공간(0.090), 신뢰(0.067) 특성 순으로 나타났다. 하위항목인 Level 2의 전체 31개의 영향요인 내 중요도는 작전영향평가가 0.101로 가장 중요한 요인으로 평가되었으며, 다음으로 지휘권한 및 협력관계(0.090), 사이버상황인식(0.061), 리더십의 결정능력(0.053) 등의 순으로 나타났다. 향후 연구방향에 대한 제안으로 검증된 영향요인들이 사이버작전 지휘통제에서 의사결정의 민첩성에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증적 연구의 필요성을 제기하였다.

Abstract

The new command and control of the cyberspace operations(CO) should be required a different dimensional approach compared with the traditional military command and control approach, so called hierarchical unitary allocation of decision-making rights. Not only the unique characteristics—uncertain, ambiguous and time critical, of cyberspace, but also the nature of CO, win or lose results by the power of technique and knowledge capable of dealing with cyberspace are urgently demanding to create the new adaptive command and control of CO based on the roles and responsibility-based collaborations and also to reveal the agility for deciding and acting rapidly more than adversaries in and through cyberspace. This paper identifies the influencing indicators for designing decentralizing decision-making command and control structure in the CO through AHP method. The consistency ratio (CR) is shown 0.043, which is reasonable result. The results of this study are summarized as follows: the highest rank in the first level, Organizational Capability (0.399), Available Resources (0.190), Political Risk (0.136), Nature of CO (0.116), Uniqueness of Cyberspace (0.090) and Trust (0.067). The priorities among the 31 influencing factors are (1) Operational Impact (0.101), (2) Command Authority and Cooperation (0.090), Cyber Situational Awareness (0.061), Leadership’s Decision Capability (0.053) and so on. We suggest the further study of an empirical study to examine how those analyzed factors are influenced in designing agile decision making command and control structure for CO.

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