해외 교육 실습 교생이 본 한국과 미국의 초‧중등학교 수업에 대한 연구: 비판인종이론의 시각에서
A Study of Korean Pre-Service Teachers' Comparisons of Teaching Practices between Korean and American Schools: Interpretation of Their Comparisons through the Lens of Critical Race Theory
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이 연구는 미국에서 해외 실습 교생들이 행한 한국과 미국 수업의 비교를 탐색한 연구이다. 네 명의 교육대학교 학생들을 대상으로 연구했으며 두 명은 2015년 여름, 미 중부 지역의 공립 고등학교와 초등학교에서 6주 간 실습하였으며 두 명은 2016년 겨울, 미국 서부의 사립초등학교에서 실습하였다. 학생들 모두는 국내 실습 경험이 있었다. 연구자는 이들에 대하여 개별 인터뷰와 교육실습록을 이용, 이들의 경험을 분석하였다. 그들은 해당 학교와 한국에서의 자신의 경험을 비교, 미국 수업과 한국 수업의 공통점 및 차이점을 언급했으나 미국 학교가 학생들의 인종, 계층에 따라 불평등한 교육 기회를 제공한다는 점을 인식하지 못하였다. 때문에 학생들은 자신들의 경험을 미국 학교 전반의 경험이라 생각하고 미국 교육에 대하여 단정하는 경향이 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과에 근거, 이 연구는 이들에게 비판인종이론과 같이 학생들의 인종과 계층 및 교육의 연관성에 관하여 탐색할 수 있는 관점을 해외 교육 실습 교생들에게 실습 전에 제공하여 이들이 외국의 교육에 대하여 심층적 이해를 할 수 있는 기회를 제공해야 한다고 제안한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore Korean pre-service teachers' comparisons of teaching practices in Korean and American elementary and secondary school classrooms. Four pre-service teachers participated in this study. Two among them practiced teaching at a public high school and two elementary schools in the Mid West during summer 2015. Two participants practiced teaching in a private high school and a public elementary school in the West during spring 2016. The four students' interviews and practicum field notes were analyzed for this study. The analysis revealed various similarities and differences with regard to teaching in Korean and American schools; however, the students did not consider the different characteristics of American schools related to students' race and socioeconomic class. Thus, they tended to overrate their experiences of American teaching across racial and socioeconomic contexts. For this reason, they missed opportunities to deeply understand teaching in America with regard to racial and socioeconomic inequality. Based on this finding, this study suggests that pre-service teachers need to study theories about the influence of racial and socioeconomic stratification on schools, including critical race theory, in order to help them construct an in-depth understanding of the relationship between race and socioeconomic class and schooling.
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