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지적 장애 및 발달 장애 아동의 목격 진술에 대한 고찰:국외 아동 증언 연구를 통한 시사점 도출을 중심으로

Understanding of Children's Eyewitness Testimony with Intellectual and Developmental Disability

이승진
한국법심리학회 (Korean Association of Psychology and Law)|2012.07|한국심리학회지:법 (Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology)|제3권 제2호|pp. 63-82

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참고문헌

키워드

지적 장애발달 장애자폐성 장애다운 증후군윌리엄스 증후군아동 증언

초록

지적 장애 및 발달 장애가 있는 아동들은 성폭력 및 신체 학대 등의 피해자로 수사면담의 대상이 되는 경우가 일반 아동들에 비해 상대적으로 빈번하다. 이와 같은 사실을 바탕으로 국외에서는 지적 장애 및 발달 장애 아동의 법정 진술과 관련하여 학술 연구와 현장 자료 조사가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 그에 반해 국내에서는 아직까지 지적 장애 및 발달 장애 아동의 법정 진술과 관련된 연구 및 조사가 거의 이루어지지 못하였으며 사실상 관련 연구들의 필요성에 대해서도 크게 부각되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문은 국외의 폭넓은 자료들을 중심으로 지적 장애 및 발달 장애 아동의 진술 역량, 진술의 신빙성 수준 및 한계에 대한 심도 있는 고찰을 시도해 보고자 하였다. 이는 장애 아동의 바람직한 수사면담 시행과 올바른 아동 진술의 해석에 유용한 지식이 될 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

Children with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities are more vulnerable to abuse and maltreatment than their typically developing peers and yet their participation in the criminal justice system in rare. Children with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities could recall useful information in the forensic context. There have been, however, few overviews in Korea with respect to the characteristics and capacities of children's testimony with intellectual disabilities and/or developmental disorders in forensic context. Thus, this paper examines the types of additional factors that might need to be taken into account for children with intellectual disabilities and whether these may influence the quality of children’s testimony based on the recent literature published on abroad. It should be guided and be helpful for further researches, particularly in terms of assessing the performance of children with specific developmental disorders including Down Syndrome, Autism Spectrum Syndrome, and Williams Syndrome, would consolidate our knowledge and provide professional practitioners with an empirical basis in order to structure their investigative interviews with children depending upon their particular profile of abilities and disabilities in reporting what they had personally experienced or witnessed.

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