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지적장애인 성폭력피해자의 진술특성에 대한 실증연구

An Empirical Study of Characteristics of Statements for Intellectually Disabled Victims of Sex Crimes

이수정|유진옥
한국경찰연구학회 (Korean Police Studies Association)|2010.06|한국경찰연구 (Korean Police Studies Review)|제9권 제2호|pp. 161-184

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참고문헌

키워드

전문가 증언expert testimonyCBCARM지적장애인 성폭력피해자진술타당성평가준거기반 내용분석(CBCA)사실성평가(RM)intellectually disabled victims of sex crimesstatement validity assessment

초록

본 연구는 지적장애인들의 증언능력과 관련된 진술특성을 확인하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위하여, 실제 성폭력 피해를 입은 지적장애인 집단 11명, 성폭력 피해를 입지 않은 지적장애인 통제집단 11명, 대학생 통제집단 10명을 대상으로 실험을 수행하였다. 성폭력 피해를 입지 않은 통제집단인 지적장애인 집단과 대학생 집단을 대상으로 진술녹취록을 분석하여 나타난 작화의 빈도 개수와 총 진술시간에 대한 비교 분석을 수행하였고, 전체 세 집단을 대상으로 준거기반 내용분석(Criteria-Based Content Analysis: CBCA)과 사실성 평가(Reality Monitoring: RM)를 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 지적장애인 통제집단과 대학생 통제집단의 총 진술시간과 작화 빈도 개수는 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 세 집단 각각의 CBCA와 RM을 비교한 결과, CBCA 준거 2번 진술 비구조화 특성은 실제 피해를 당했던 지적장애인 집단에서 가장 현격한 특징을 보였다. 그러나 CBCA의 준거9번이었던 세부정보 과잉과 RM의 준거 3번이었던 공간정보는 실제로 피해를 당하였던 지적장애인들이 대학생들만큼 풍부하게 진술을 하였다. 또한 이런 연유로 RM의 준거 1번인 진술의 명료성에 있어서도 실제 피해를 당한 지적장애인들은 대학생집단만큼의 진술타당성을 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과는 지적장애인이라고 해서 무조건 작화를 하여 거짓진술을 한다거나 진술을 못하는 것이 아니라 사건의 객관적인 사항에 대해서는 통계적으로 유의한 수준으로 풍부하게 진술한다는 사실을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study explored statement characteristics of statements for intellectually disabled victims of sex crimes. For the comparisons, 11 intellectually disabled sexual victims, 11 intellectually disabled women, and 10 university students were participated. For control variables, it was measured how long the statements maintained and how much statements were confabulated. Finally CBCA and RM criteria were compared for the main dependent variables. The results were as followed. First, there were no significants differences between a disabled control group and a university control group in statement duration and confabulation. Second, the statements of disabled victims with sex crimes were more disorganized (CBCA 2) compared to other two control groups. However, disabled victims with sex crimes described more details of the episodes (CBCA 9) and more information related to the place where the crime occurred (RM 3). Also, statement clarity was also more obvious for the disabled victims with sex crimes. These results presents that disabled victims with sex crimes might not be unable to make victim statements or confabulate. They were capable of describing objective characteristics of the crime as efficient as university students.

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