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진술조사 맥락에서 아동기억에 대한 발달심리학적 고찰

Developmental Psychological Consideration on Children’s Memory in the Context of Investigative Interview

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주제분류심리과학

초록

아동이 직접 경험하거나 목격한 치명적인 범죄 사건들에 대한 아동의 회상 진술을 정확하게 이해하고 그 진술의 신빙성을 올바르게 평가하기 위해서는 인간의 기본적인 정보처리과정과 아동 기억의 구체적 특성들에 대한 종합적인 지식이 요구된다. 또한 현장의 전문 인력들이 표준화된 아동 수사면담 지침을 성공적으로 이행하기 위해서도 연령에 따른 아동 기억의 다양한 특성들에 대한 폭넓은 이해가 필요하다. 최근 우리 사회는 아동 성폭력 범죄의 심각성과 피해 아동의 법률적 보호 대책 방안에 대한 여론의 목소리가 높아지고 있음에도 진술조사 맥락에서 아동 기억의 발달적 특성에 대한 정보는 현저하게 부족한 수준이다. 따라서 본 논문은 현장 실무자들이 아동 수사면담 시 고려할 필요가 있는 아동 기억의 발달적 특성, 아동회상 보고에 영향을 미치는 변인들, 회상 관련 기억 이론들을 검토해 봄으로써 진술조사 맥락에서 아동 기억에 대한 발달심리학적 고찰이 갖는 중요성을 제언하고 후속 연구들의 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

Abstract

Interviewers in an investigative context are required to consider children’s developmental characteristics and their effect on children’s ability to remember and report traumatic experiences. Further, it is important that they follow standardized investigative interview guidelines for working with children and endeavor to accommodate the underlying mechanisms of their memory function. A large body of research has shown that some characteristics of children's memory development influence the quality and accuracy of their memory and reporting of past experiences. However, there have only been a few articles published on developmental theories and the characteristics of children's memory in the context of investigative interviewing in Korea. Thus, this paper aimed to consolidate the information on children's memory capacity, the various complexities and characteristics of children’s memory development, and the theoretical frameworks of children's memory processes focusing particularly on the context of investigative interviewing. This analysis should assist clinicians, social workers, and legal professionals in tailoring interviews to best meet children’s needs and capacities across ages and creating developmentally and individually sensitive guidelines for interviewing children within the legal system.

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