中国体系性大国的成长与中美脱钩的前景
The Growth of China’s Systematic Power and the Prospect of Decoupling between China and the United States
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单元与国际体系的互动是国际体系演化的核心动力。西方特别是美国的国际关系理论存在着去历史化的特征，缺乏从非西方国家与国际体系互动的视角来寻求理论创新与突破的成果。本文从大历史、近代史和现代史的三重视角来探讨中国成长为体系性大国的历史背景与现实路径，分析中国作为一个体系性大国成长的外交传统、理念与内生动力。中国的体系性大国成长之路，实质是中国与国际体系融合、摩擦、冲突与裂变的进程以及在互动中大国实力、身份与地位的认知与再塑造。毛泽东时代的国际主义外交与邓小平时代的现实主义外交构成了体系性大国外交的传统，革命外交与发展外交夯实了体系性大国外交的理念基石。新时代中国应顺应世界的百年大变局，实现与国际体系的共同演化，构建契合体系性大国实力、地位与身份的特色大国外交体系。2018年中美贸易摩擦引发的中美脱钩问题是对中国体系性大国外交战略定力与耐心的重大考验。
Abstract
The interaction between unit and international system is the core of the evolution of international system. Western theories of international relations, especially those of the United States, are characterized by de historicalization and lack of theoretical innovation and breakthrough from the perspective of interaction between non-western countries and the international system. This paper discusses the historical background and realistic path of China’s growth into a systematic power from the perspective of great history, modern history, and analyzes the diplomatic tradition, idea and internal motivation of China’s growth as a systematic power. The growth path of China’s systematic power is essentially the process of integration, friction, conflict and fission between China and the international system, as well as the remolding of the strength, identity and status of a great power in the interaction. The internationalist diplomacy in Mao Zedong’s era and the realistic diplomacy in Deng Xiaoping’s era constitute the tradition of systematic great power diplomacy, and revolutionary diplomacy and developing diplomacy consolidate the ideological foundation of systematic great power diplomacy. In the new era, China should conform to the great changes of the world in the past century, realize the co-evolution with the international system, and build a characteristic great power diplomatic system that conforms to the strength, status and identity of a systematic power.Trade friction between China and the United States in 2018 is a major test of China’s systematic power’s diplomatic strategic determination and patience.
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