전략적 직무분석 특성 연구: 전통적 직무분석과 역량모델링과의 비교분석을 중심으로
Characteristics of strategic job analysis: comparison with traditional job analysis and competency modeling
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초록
본 연구는 경영환경의 변화에 빠르게 대응하지 못하는 전통적 직무분석과, 직무의 구체성이 부족하여 실무현장에서 실제 효과성이 떨어지는 역량모델링의 한계점을 살펴보고, 상호보완을 위한 대안적 방법으로서 전략적 직무분석의 특성을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 전통적 직무분석, 역량모델링, 전략적 직무분석론을 목적, 직무관점, 초점, 성과수준, 측정접근법의 5가지 준거를 바탕으로 비교 분석하였다. 연구결과 전략적 직무분석의 주요특성은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전략적 직무분석은 직무의 개념을 환경변화에 따라 가변적인 것으로 보면서도, 직무의 구체적인 맥락을 유지하므로 성과창출이 용이하다. 둘째, 전략적 직무분석은 조직의 전략과 밀접하게 연계되어 성과 창출에 더 근접한 접근방식을 가지고 있다. 셋째, 전략적 직무분석은 환경변화에 의한 미래의 직무변화를 예견하여 새로운 사업전략의 창출과 수행에 영향을 끼치므로, 개념적으로 발전된 형태라고 볼 수 있으며, 21세기의 급변하는 경영환경에 적합하다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 전략적 직무분석 방법론의 발전을 위한 향후 연구방향을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of strategic job analysis as an alternative job analysis method for the traditional job analysis and competency modeling. Traditional job analysis is limited that it does not reflect rapidly business environment changes. Competency modeling also lacks the job specificities that are required for efficient job implementation. Thus, the characteristics of strategic job analysis were investigated by comparing those of traditional job analysis and competency modeling based on five criterions. The criterions include purpose, job perspective, focus, performance level, and measurement approach. The findings show that strategic job analysis has the following distinguished characteristics. First, the strategic job analysis allows effortless performance improvement. In strategic job analysis, job specificity is preserved whereas job is taken into account as a flexible one that is able to be altered according to environmental changes. Second, the strategic job analysis produces superior performance improvement because it is closely aligned with the organization’s strategies. Third, the strategic job analysis affects new business strategies creation and implementation. It allows the prediction of changes in future jobs and task that are triggered by environmental changes. Strategic job analysis as an advanced job analysis method can be an appropriate job analysis approach for the fast changing economic environments in the 21st century.
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