창의적 학습전이 영향요인 탐색과 모형 제안: 국내 대기업 리더십 교육훈련을 중심으로
Exploring Factors Affecting Creative Learning Transfer and Proposing a Model: A Focus on Leadership Trainings in Korean Large Companies
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본 연구의 목적은 향후 창의적 학습전이 영향요인 측정도구를 개발하기 위한 초석으로서의 창의 적 학습전이시스템 모형을 제안하는 것이었다. 국내 16개 대기업에서 리더십 프로그램을 이수한 1,125명의 관리자들에게 교육훈련 종료 최소 3개월 후에 개방형 질문 2개를 포함한 온라인 설문도구 를 배포하여 응답자 685명이 경험하거나 인식한 창의적 학습전이의 영향요인에 대한 질적 자료를 수 집하였다. 주제분석 방법을 사용하여 질적 자료를 분석한 결과 선행연구에서 Holton이 개발한 학습전 이시스템 모형 내의 (1) 교육내용 관련성, (2) 개인 수용력, (3) 변화저항, (4) 상사지원, (5) 상사제재, (6) 전이설계, (7) 동료지원, (8) 업무성과-보상 기대, (9) 전이동기 등 9개 요인과 개념적으로 동일한 9 개 테마가 질적 자료에서도 각각 발견되었다. 추가로, 기존 학습전이시스템 모형에서는 언급되지 않 았던 7개의 테마도 새롭게 발견되었는데, (1) 지원/비지원적 조직문화, (2) 개인의 능력/무능력, (3) 사 후교육 제공/미제공, (4) 창의성, (5) 개인의 긍정적인 태도 (6) 효율/비효율적인 업무처리, (7) 책임감 등이 그것이었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 연역적⋅귀납적 이론수립 접근법에 근거하여 창의적 학습전 이시스템 모형을 제안하였고, HRD 관점에서 실천, 연구, 이론을 위한 시사점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a creative learning transfer system model as a bedrock for developing an instrument to measure factors affecting creative learning transfer in the future. An electronic survey with two open-ended questions was used to collect data of factors perceived to affect creative learning transfer from 685 respondents out of 1,125 managers who were volunteered to participate in the survey and completed a leadership program in 16 large companies in South Korea, at least 3 month after the completion of the program. The thematic analysis of the qualitative data revealed nine themes that corresponded to the nine factors respectively in the Learning Transfer System Inventory (LTSI) as follows: (1) Content Validity, (2) Personal Capacity, (3) Resistance to Change, (4) Supervisor Support, (5) Supervisor Opposition, (6) Transfer Design, (7) Peer Support, (8) Performance-Outcome Expectation, and (9) Motivation to Transfer. Also, new seven themes that were not included in the LTSI emerged: (1) Supportive/Unsupportive Organizational Culture, (2) Individual Ability/Inability, (3) Follow-up/Lack of Follow-up Training, (4) Creativity, (5) Positive Individual Attitude, (6) Effective/Ineffective Work Process, and (7) Sense of Responsibility. Based on these results, we developed a creative learning transfer system model using both deductive and inductive theory-building approaches, and provided implications for HRD.
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