무경계경력태도 유형에 따른 직무성과, 정서적 조직몰입, 일의 의미의 차이: 중소기업 사무직 종사자를 대상으로
The Difference in Job Performance, Affective Organizational Commitment, and Meaning of Work Based on the Classification of Boundaryless Career Attitude: Study on Small and Medium Sized Companies’ White-Color Job Employees
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초록
본 연구는 무경계경력태도의 유형을 심리적 이동성과 물리적 이동성의 수준에 따라 구분하고, 그 유형에 따라 직무성과, 정서적 조직몰입, 일의 의미 간에 차이를 검증하는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위해 중소기업 사무직 종사자를 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하여 287명의 응답을 수집하 였으며, 경력 3년 미만의 응답을 제외하고 최종적으로 219명의 응답을 연구에 활용하였다. 연구결과 의 도출을 위해 SPSS 25.0을 활용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 일차적으로 무경계경력태도의 유형을 분류 하기 위하여 K-평균 군집분석을 실시하였다. 각 군집의 성격과 이후 성과변인과의 영향관계를 고려 하여 네 군집을 명명한 결과 ‘사회형’, ‘자유계약형’, ‘정착형’, ‘이주형’의 4개 유형이 도출되었다. 이후 각 유형별로 직무성과, 정서적 조직몰입, 일의 의미에서 차이가 존재하는지를 확인하기 위해 일원배 치 분산분석(One-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 모든 변인에서 유형 간 유의미한 차이가 있 다는 점을 확인시켜 주었다. 네 유형 중 사회형은 직무성과, 정서적 조직몰입, 그리고 일의 의미 변 인에서 가장 높은 점수를 나타내어 높은 심리적 이동성과 낮은 물리적 이동성의 무경계경력태도를 보유할 때 조직과 개인 수준에서 긍정적 결과를 나타내는 것으로 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으 로 본 연구의 의의와 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study tries to find the classifications of boundaryless career based on two subfactors including psychological and physical movements and the effects of those classification on job performance, affective organizational commitment, and meaning of work. For investigating on the research purpose, this study collected data from 287 small and medium sized companies’ white-color job employees through an online survey. After excluding 3 or less year work experienced data, 219 employees’ data were used for data analysis. For analyzing data, SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used. Firstly, a cluster analysis using K-mean method tried to find the classification of boundaryless career attitude. The four clusters were named as ‘social’, ‘free agent’, ‘settler’, and ‘immigrant’ based on the characteristics each cluster and effects of each cluster on the organizational outcome variables. Secondly, one-way ANOVA were conducted for investigating on the difference in the job performance, affective organizational commitment, and meaning of work based on the classifications of boundaryless career attitude. Study results showed the significant difference in all outcome variables based on the classification. Among four cluster, the social cluster showed the highest score in the job performance, affective organizational commitment, and meaning of work variables. This means the positive results may take place when employees showed high psychological and low physical movement attitudes. Based on the study results, the implication and suggestion for the future study were provided.
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