주도적 성격과 주도적 행동: 윤리적 리더십의 역할
Proactive Personality and Proactive Behavior: The Role of Ethical Leadership
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 조직 구성원들의 주도적 성격과 주도적 행동 간 관계에서 작용하는 윤리적 리더십의 조절 역할을 규명하는 것이다. 인간-상황 상호작용론 관점에서 개인의 기질 요인과 상황 요인의 상승작용에 초점을 두었으며, 결과변수로 주도적 행동의 촉진 측면과 예방 측면을 각각 대표할 수 있는 혁신행동과 문제예방행동에 주목하였다. 본 연구는 기질 활성화 이론에 기대어, 윤리적 리더십 하에서 개인에 내재한 주도적 성격이 혁신행동과 문제예방행동으로 더욱 강하게 발현되는 과정에 대한 이론적 논의를 제시하고 실증적으로 검증하였다. 국내 조직에 근무 중인 구성원 161명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고 분석한 결과, 윤리적 리더십을 높게 인식할 때 구성원의 주도적 성격이 혁신행동과 문제예방행동으로 표출될 가능성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히 문제예방행동을 예측할 때, 윤리적 리더십은 주도적 성격과 상호작용하는 명확한 패턴을 보였을 뿐 아니라, 직접적인 독립변수로도 기능하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the moderating role of ethical leadership in the relationship between proactive personality and proactive behavior. Based on a person- situation interaction perspective, we focused on leadership as a situational context that facilitates two types of employee proactive behavior: individual innovation and problem prevention. Drawing on trait activation theory, the study proposed a model in which proactive personality is activated and thus more strongly predicts individual innovation and problem prevention under ethical leadership as a condition. We tested the interaction hypotheses using a sample of 161 employees in South Korea. The results revealed that the interaction of proactive personality and ethical leadership is predictive of both individual innovation and problem prevention. The findings also indicated that the patterns are more salient when predicting problem prevention. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
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