‘어근’, ‘어기’, ‘어간’을 다시 보며
On the concepts of ‘root, base, and stem’ in Korean linguistics.
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Song, Jaemog. 2020. On the concepts of ‘root, base, and stem’ in Korean linguistics. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 45-4, 891-917. Though root, base and stem are basic terms in morphology, they have been used with different concepts in the literature of Korean linguistics. This paper analyses them from two different approaches: (i) concepts used widely in general linguistics and Korean linguistics and (ii) concepts used by Lee (1975/1993) and others which adopted Hockett (1958). Some scholars criticize the concept of ‘base’ in general linguistics, arguing that it is not appropriate to explain compounding or it is not necessary in Korean which does not have inflectional affixes. Others argue that the terms of root, base and stem in general linguistics are not suitable since they can refer to the same element. This paper refutes such arguments. Lee (1975/1993) argues that his concepts of ‘root and stem’ are adopted from Hockett (1958). This paper, however, shows that there are differences between their concepts. Lee (1975/1993) seems to use two conditions [the possibility of being directly connected by an inflectional affix] and [a free form] to distinguish root and stem. This paper questions the salience of the two conditions, claiming that they are arbitrary and there is no morphological phenomenon which requires both of them. Another problem Lee (1975/1993) faces is that it does not provide consistent morphological terms to refer to the forms that bear the same morphological functions. A third problem which Lee (1975) shows is that it does not have terms for derivational processes. This paper proposes the distinctions of ‘inflectional bound root/base’ and ‘non-inflectional bound root/base’ for Korean morphology and argues that such distinctions help to properly capture morphological structures of Korean words. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies).
Abstract
Song, Jaemog. 2020. On the concepts of ‘root, base, and stem’ in Korean linguistics. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 45-4, 891-917. Though root, base and stem are basic terms in morphology, they have been used with different concepts in the literature of Korean linguistics. This paper analyses them from two different approaches: (i) concepts used widely in general linguistics and Korean linguistics and (ii) concepts used by Lee (1975/1993) and others which adopted Hockett (1958). Some scholars criticize the concept of ‘base’ in general linguistics, arguing that it is not appropriate to explain compounding or it is not necessary in Korean which does not have inflectional affixes. Others argue that the terms of root, base and stem in general linguistics are not suitable since they can refer to the same element. This paper refutes such arguments. Lee (1975/1993) argues that his concepts of ‘root and stem’ are adopted from Hockett (1958). This paper, however, shows that there are differences between their concepts. Lee (1975/1993) seems to use two conditions [the possibility of being directly connected by an inflectional affix] and [a free form] to distinguish root and stem. This paper questions the salience of the two conditions, claiming that they are arbitrary and there is no morphological phenomenon which requires both of them. Another problem Lee (1975/1993) faces is that it does not provide consistent morphological terms to refer to the forms that bear the same morphological functions. A third problem which Lee (1975) shows is that it does not have terms for derivational processes. This paper proposes the distinctions of ‘inflectional bound root/base’ and ‘non-inflectional bound root/base’ for Korean morphology and argues that such distinctions help to properly capture morphological structures of Korean words. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies).
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