고려 處容歌의 巫歌的 성격에 대한 再考

Abstract

This study questioned the classification Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> as a shamanistic song to prove that this song is not shamanistic, but it was a humorous song sung at royal banquets for excitement. For this discussion, the characteristics of Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> were compared to the characteristics of shamanistic songs. Shamanistic songs are succeeded by shamanistic performers, sung in rituals, sing about characters that are sacred, and have the purpose of sorcery. However, Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> does not fit to these characteristics. First, Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> and other versions of <Cheoyongga> before that did not satisfy the original characteristics of shamanistic songs. None of Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> was sung by shamanistic performers during shamanistic rituals. Even if a song was related to a folk ritual, it was sung for the festival after the ritual. Therefore, it is not reasonable to classify the song into a shamanistic song. Also, Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> sings about Cheoyong who is far from a sacred character. He looks like Nahu, an evil deity, and his image is very exaggerated as we can see in the mask. He is a humorous character and acts like a coward in his battle against the god of fever to make people laugh. Thus, Goryeo's <Cheoyongga> was sung to be humorous and exciting, not noble and magical as other shamistic songs. Considering that this characteristic of Cheoyong is also found in <Japcheoyong>, we can assume that the image of Cheoyong in the early Chosun Dynasty was also very similar.