Context Sensitivity, Late Merge, and the Plural Marker ‘-tul’ in Korean
2
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The plural marker ‘-tul’ in Korean as a nominal suffix is attached on a countable noun via a morphological/lexical process since the distinction like human vs. non-human nouns that determines the ‘-tul’ suffixation evidently reflects their lexical semantics. This paper shows that on top of their lexical properties, the structural contexts where nouns are situated play a decisive role in the insertion of ‘-tul’ in Korean. Concentrating on nominals composed of host nouns and numeral classifiers, we note that bare forms of non-human countable nouns tend to be resistant to the insertion of ‘-tul’ on them since they strongly prefer to denote a kind. But non-bare (i.e., Case-marked or modified by a demonstrative/ possessive) forms of countable nouns as well as bare forms of human nouns can denote an entity as well as a kind, hence feeding the insertion of ‘-tul’ on them. On the other hand, when preceded by the pre-nominal numeral classifier with Genitive Case maker, host countable nouns can be optionally attached with ‘-tul’ since the numeral classifier and ‘-tul’ overlap in meaning. To accommodate the distributional properties of ‘-tul’ determined by structural contexts as well as lexical features, we propose that the Korean plural marker is a modifier inserted via Late Merge onto host nouns/NPs in a point of derivation. The proposed idea will be shown to be most effective in accounting for the empirical aspects of ‘-tul’ that have been too elusive to capture in Korean syntax.
Abstract
The plural marker ‘-tul’ in Korean as a nominal suffix is attached on a countable noun via a morphological/lexical process since the distinction like human vs. non-human nouns that determines the ‘-tul’ suffixation evidently reflects their lexical semantics. This paper shows that on top of their lexical properties, the structural contexts where nouns are situated play a decisive role in the insertion of ‘-tul’ in Korean. Concentrating on nominals composed of host nouns and numeral classifiers, we note that bare forms of non-human countable nouns tend to be resistant to the insertion of ‘-tul’ on them since they strongly prefer to denote a kind. But non-bare (i.e., Case-marked or modified by a demonstrative/ possessive) forms of countable nouns as well as bare forms of human nouns can denote an entity as well as a kind, hence feeding the insertion of ‘-tul’ on them. On the other hand, when preceded by the pre-nominal numeral classifier with Genitive Case maker, host countable nouns can be optionally attached with ‘-tul’ since the numeral classifier and ‘-tul’ overlap in meaning. To accommodate the distributional properties of ‘-tul’ determined by structural contexts as well as lexical features, we propose that the Korean plural marker is a modifier inserted via Late Merge onto host nouns/NPs in a point of derivation. The proposed idea will be shown to be most effective in accounting for the empirical aspects of ‘-tul’ that have been too elusive to capture in Korean syntax.
참고문헌 (15)
- Borer, Hagit, "Structuring sense I" (2005), Oxford University Press
- Fox, Danny, "Extraposition and Scope: A Case for Overt QR", Proceedings of the 18th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, pp.132~144 (1999), Cascadilla Press
- 홍용철, "한국어 명사 외곽 수식어들의 어순과 명사구 구조", 생성문법연구, 20(1), pp.27~50 (2010), 한국생성문법학회[DOI]
- Huang, C. -T. James, "Remarks on Classifiers and Nominal Structure in East Asian", Language and Linguistics Monograph Series Peaches and Plums, 54, pp.53~74 (2014)
- Kang, Beom-Mo, "Plurality and other Semantic Aspects of Common Nouns in Korean", Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 3, pp.1~24 (1994)
- 강범모, "복수성과 복수 표지: '들'을 중심으로", 언어학, (47), pp.3~31 (2007), 사단법인 한국언어학회
- Kang, Beom-Mo, "The Semantics of Plurals and Quantification" (2014), Hankookmunhwasa
- Kim, Chong-Hyuck, "The Korean Plural Marker-tul and its Implications", pp.2005
- Kim, Kyumin, "Modifying Plurals, Classifiers, and Co-occurrence: The Case of Korean", Glossa, 25, pp.1~29 (2019)
- Lebeaux, David, "Perspectives on Phrase Structure: Heads and Licensing", pp.209~239 (1991), Academic Press
- Park, So-Young, "Functional Categories: The Syntax of DP and DegP in Korean", pp.2008
- Park, So-Young, "Two Types of Plurals and Numeral Classifiers in Classifier Languages : The Case of Korean", Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 31, pp.139~177 (2022)
- 박종언, "한국어 수분류사구의 통사구조, 복수성 및 조응해석", 언어와언어학, (88), pp.107~134 (2020), 언어연구소[DOI]
- Song, Seok Choong, "Rare Plural Marking and Ubiquitous Plural Marker in Korean", Ehakyenkwu, 11(1), pp.77~86 (1975)
- Wiltschko, Martina, "The Syntax of Non-inflectional Plural Marking", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 26, pp.639~694 (2008)