말레이시아의 언어 정책
Language Policy in Malaysia.
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Perancangan Bahasa di Malaysia –dengan rujukan khusus kepada kolonialisme dan faham pelbagai budaya. Tujuan makalah ini ialah untuk mengkaji aspek dasar perancangan bahasa di Malaysia. Secara am sering didakwa bahawa kolonialisme Eropah merupakan salah satu faktor utama dalam pembentukan masyarakat majmuk dan keadaan masyarakat bahasa di Malaysia masa kini. Berdasarkan dakwaan tersebut makalah ini membincangkan isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan pilihan bahasa antara bahasa Inggeris dan bahasa Melayu dalam konteks pelbagai bahasa di Malaysia. Untuk mengkaji pengaruh kolonialisme dengan lebih terperinci, dua aspek perancangan bahasa di Malaysia dirujuk secara khusus, iaitu: perancangan bahasa semasa pendudukan Jepun di Tanah Melayu dan penubuhan Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka dalam konteks kesedaran kebangsaan dan kenegaraan. Dengan meninjau kedua-dua aspek tersebut, penulis menyarankan agar isu-isu pilihan bahasa di Malaysia sepatutnya dibincangkan serta dipahamkan sebagai hasil faham pelbagai budaya dalam konteks globalisasi.
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the fundamental aspects of language policy in Malaysia. In general, it has been claimed that European colonialism is one of the key factors affecting the formation of multicultural society and language situation in contemporary Malaysia. Based on this claim, this paper explores the issues of language choice between English and Malay in the context of multilingualism in Malaysia. To investigate the influence of colonialism more closely, a special attention will be paid to two critical aspects for discussing the context of language policy in Malaysia. One is the language policy of Japanese imperial government during the Japanese occupation in Malaya. The other is the historical background of the establishment of the Institute of Language and Literature or Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka(DBP) in the context of nationalism and nationism. Based upon the above observation, this paper suggests that the issues of language choice in Malaysian society should be discussed and understood as a result of multilingualism in the context of globalization.
참고문헌 (13)
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